误解变体从同源蛋白质的致病性注释
Gabriel Ruiz-Alías1,2, Sergi Soldevila1,2, Xavier Altafaj3,4
1Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia, Vic, Barcelona, 08500, Spain.
Bioinformatics (Oxford, England)
|May 14, 2025
概括
预测错误变种的病原性是具有挑战性的. 这项研究表明,同源变异分析准确地预测了病原性,导致HomolVar网络服务器用于诊断遗传疾病.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 人类遗传学 人类遗传学
- 生物信息学是一种生物信息学.
背景情况:
- 高通量测序识别了数以百万计的人类基因组单核酸变体 (SNV),很少与疾病有关.
- 由于临床和实验数据有限,解释改变蛋白质序列的误解变异是困难的.
- 现有的预测工具由于依赖于保护和结构信息,与变异性病原性作斗争.
研究的目的:
- 研究涉及自体主导疾病的蛋白质中同源误解变异的致病性.
- 开发一种可靠的方法来预测误解变体的病原性.
- 改善基因型-表型相关性和罕见遗传疾病诊断.
主要方法:
- 对2976种致病性和17555种非致病性同源变异的分析.
- 开发HomolVar网络服务器,用于使用同源变体注释计算预测变体病原体.
- 对27种常见突变预测方法的评估.
主要成果:
- 病原性预测准确度在家族内达到95%,在更接近的同类群体中达到98%.
- 同源变异分析表明,一种生物特征并未完全被现有的突变预测器所捕获.
- 开发了HomolVar网络服务器,并免费提供在https://rarevariants.org/HomolVar.
结论:
- 同源误解变异分析为预测变异致病性提供了强大的方法.
- HomolVar 工具增强了对未注释变异效应的预测.
- 这种方法有助于诊断罕见的遗传疾病,并了解基因型-表型关系.
相关概念视频
Mutations
77.4K
Overview
77.4K
Translation
14.2K
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
14.2K
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
13.7K
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
13.7K
Leaky Scanning
5.0K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.0K
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
10.4K
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
10.4K
Signal Sequences and Sorting Receptors
5.1K
Signal sequences are short amino acid sequences that guide newly synthesized proteins to their proper location within the cell. Classical signal sequences are fifteen to sixty amino acids long and present at the N-terminus of a polypeptide chain. Each signal sequence has a conserved segment of basic residues towards their N terminus, a hydrophobic core, and a C-terminus rich in polar residues. The C-terminus also contains a signal cleavage site and features a -3 -1 sequence motif. The -3-1...
5.1K


