马拉维在实现联合国艾滋病规划署95-95-95快速目标方面的进展:谁落后?
Bilaal Wilson Matola1,2, Lovemore Mapahla3,4, Juliet Charity Yauka Nyasulu1,5
1The Division of Health Systems and Public Health, Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, South Africa.
African journal of AIDS research : AJAR
|May 14, 2025
概括
马拉维在2012-2023年期间显著改善了艾滋病毒检测和治疗覆盖率,接近联合国艾滋病规划署95-95-95目标. 在儿科ART启动和男性参与方面仍然存在差距,需要针对性干预以提供公平的艾滋病毒治疗.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究研究
背景情况:
- 全球艾滋病毒和艾滋病疫情仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题,马拉维是联合国艾滋病规划署95-95-95倡议的重点国家.
- 马拉维在2020年实现了92-95-94,需要进行更新的评估,以确定剩余的差距并确保实现2025年目标的进展.
研究的目的:
- 量化评估马拉维在2012年至2023年期间在艾滋病毒治疗级联中的进展情况.
- 确定在实现联合国艾滋病规划署95-95-95目标方面存在的具体差距,特别是在年龄和性别差异方面.
主要方法:
- 一项使用马拉维艾滋病毒和艾滋病管理信息系统 (DHAMIS) 部门12年 (2012-2023) 二次数据的定量描述性研究.
- 分析包括关键艾滋病毒指标 (检测,治疗,病毒抑制) 的综合数据,按年龄和性别分类,以及艾滋病毒谱估计.
- 使用Excel,SPSS和Statata进行统计分析,以评估趋势和群体差异.
主要成果:
- 观察到显著的改善:艾滋病毒状况的认识从73%上升到95%,治疗覆盖率从58%上升到95%在2012-2023年期间.
- 到2023年,95%的成年人知道自己的身份并接受治疗,而儿童 (15岁以下) 则落后于87%的意识和较低的ART启动/病毒抑制率.
- 与女性相比,男性在所有指标上的表现始终较低,尽管2019年后病毒抑制差距缩小了.
结论:
- 在过去的十年里,马拉维在艾滋病毒治疗级联中取得了实质性的进展.
- 儿童ART启动和男性参与的持续挑战需要有针对性的干预措施,以实现公平的艾滋病治疗,并实现联合国艾滋病规划署95-95-95目标.
- 该研究强调需要持续监测和定制战略,以满足特定人口群体的需求.
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