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疲劳引起的肌肉协调变化及其对400米冲刺期间性能下降的影响

Kun Li¹, Wenlie Chen²

¹1Henan University of Technology, Sports Institute, Zhengzhou 450000, China.

Physiology international

|May 14, 2025

概括

疲劳会通过破坏神经肌肉协调和生物力学,显著损害冲刺表现. 针对性的训练和恢复策略对于短跑者来说至关重要,以减轻这些影响.

科学领域:

运动科学运动科学运动科学
生物力学生物力学
运动生理学运动生理学

背景情况:

在400米冲刺的后期阶段累积的疲劳会对神经肌肉控制和生物机械效率产生负面影响.
短跑运动员的表现下降通常与强度劳动过程中的协调受损和关节力学改变有关.

研究的目的:

为了研究疲劳对下肢协调,关节力学和400米短跑比赛的恢复模式的影响.
为了分析疲劳前的协议如何影响400米冲刺期间的生物机械和神经肌肉反应.

主要方法:

一项随机对照试验,涉及30名训练有素的男性短跑者,分为实验组 (疲劳前短跑) 和对照组.
在400米冲刺的最后100米期间收集动力学和电肌图 (EMG) 数据.
通过在冲刺后的多个时间点的感知力度 (RPE),跳跃高度,峰值力和峰值功率等级来评估恢复.

主要成果:

在实验组中,疲劳显著增加了步伐变化,改变了部曲和逆侧骨盆下降 (CRP).
电肌图 (EMG) 数据显示,由于疲劳,关键肌肉 (如前腿直肠和左侧肌肉) 的激活减少.
冲刺后的恢复措施显示,疲劳组的RPE显著提高,跳跃高度,峰值力和峰值功率降低.

结论:

在400米冲刺的最后阶段的疲劳明显损害了关节协调,肌肉激活和整体功率输出.
这些发现强调了为短跑运动员开发抗疲劳训练计划和个性化恢复协议的重要性.
该研究的全男性样本限制了对女性运动员的概括性.

关键词:

生物力学生物力学电动肌谱学电动肌谱学疲劳疲劳疲劳疲劳疲劳疲劳肌肉的力量肌肉的力量肌肉的力量恢复功能恢复的功能.跑步跑步跑步跑步跑步跑步

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