通过中子激活分析和同步龙X射线光显微镜对大海海鸟摄入的海洋塑料进行元素分析
Jennifer L Lavers1, Nicholas R Howell2, Alexander L Bond3
1Bird Group, The Natural History Museum, Tring, Hertfordshire HP23 6AP, United Kingdom; Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2678, Australia; Adrift Lab, Underwood, Tasmania 7268, Australia.
Journal of hazardous materials
|May 14, 2025
概括
海洋野生动物摄入含有各种元素添加剂的塑料. 中子激活分析和同步龙X射线光显微镜揭示了不可预测的化学特征和取决于降解的元素释放,突出显示海洋塑料是混合废物.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 海洋塑料污染对野生动物构成重大威胁.
- 了解摄入塑料的化学成分和降解对于评估生态风险至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究海切水鱼所摄入的海洋塑料的元素组成.
- 分析个人塑料颗粒中的降解阶段和元素分布.
- 评估与摄入塑料中的化学液相关的潜在风险.
主要方法:
- 结合中子激活分析 (NAA) 用于批量元素测量和同步 X 射线光显微镜 (S-XFM) 用于详细分析.
- 减弱总反射率 富里埃变换红外光谱学用于塑料聚合物识别.
- 在Sable Shearwater胃肠道中分析塑料含量.
主要成果:
- 沙切水鸟平均摄入4.16g塑料 (50件),主要是高密度聚乙烯和聚烯.
- 美国国家药物管理局确定了常见的塑料添加剂 (Ti, Zn, Cd, Cu, Cr, Sr).
- S-XFM揭示了塑料内部元素组成和空间分布的显著变化,由于生物膜而导致Fe和Br的表面积累,并检测到Pb可能表明回收原料.
结论:
- 摄入的海洋塑料由于元素含量变化和未知的依赖降解的释放率而对野生动物产生不可预测的化学暴露.
- 由于其复杂和可变的元素组成,海洋塑料应被视为"混合废物".
- 塑料的基本"指纹"可以提高可追溯性和废物管理.
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