青少年队三项运动员的耐力 - - 艰苦骑自行车对随后的跑步表现,经济和基质利用的影响
Greta Röhrs1,2, Sebastian Keller1,2, Patrick Wahl1,2
1Section Exercise Physiology, German Sport University, Cologne, Germany.
概括
初级三项运动员在疲劳地跑步时,从碳水化合物转向脂肪利用,影响了表现. 最大氧气吸收和脂肪氧化变化是疲劳状态下耐力的主要预测因素.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 体育科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 耐力运动是一种耐力运动.
背景情况:
- 了解运动期间的生理成本和基质利用对于优化运动表现至关重要.
- 像骑自行车这样的强度炼可以诱导疲劳,在随后的活动 (如跑步) 中改变代谢反应.
- 青少年三项运动员代表着一个具有生理系统发展的独特人群,需要对他们的训练和表现适应的具体见解.
研究的目的:
- 在艰苦骑自行车之前和之后,研究初级三项运动员在跑步和基质利用 (碳水化合物/脂肪氧化) 的氧气成本 (OC) 和能量成本 (EC).
- 确定这些生理变量的变化与疲劳条件下的跑步性能之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 19名初级三项运动员在新鲜的条件下进行了亚最大运行测试.
- 进行了一次艰苦的增量自行车测试,然后进行了第二次增量跑步测试,以评估疲劳的表现.
- 氧气成本 (OC),能源成本 (EC) 和基质利用 (碳水化合物氧化 (CHO) 和脂肪氧化 (FO)) 在两次跑步期间都被测量.
主要成果:
- 运行的氧气成本 (OC) 和能量成本 (EC) 从新鲜状态到疲劳状态的变化很小.
- 观察到基质利用的显著转变,在疲劳跑步时碳水化合物氧化 (CHO) 减少,脂肪氧化 (FO) 增加 (P < .001).
- 在CHO和FO的变化,以及最大的氧气摄入量 (V ̇O2峰值),与疲劳状态的疲劳时间有显著的相关性 (R2 = 88%).
结论:
- 尽管氧气和能源成本稳定,初级三项运动员在疲劳时表现出明显的转向脂肪利用的转变.
- 基质利用中的这种代谢转变与艰苦运动后的跑步表现有显著的关联.
- 最大氧气吸收,氧气成本和脂肪氧化的变化是疲劳的三项运动员耐力能力的关键决定因素.
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