人权与医疗保健相关环境中的人工智能:人权方法的语法
Helga Molbæk-Steensig1, Martin Scheinin2
1European University Institute 10185 Via Bolognese 156, Florence 50139 Italy.
European journal of health law
|May 14, 2025
概括
医疗保健中的人工智能 (AI) 提供了健康益处,但也带来了人权风险. 本研究提出了一种结构化的方法来协调人工智能的伦理挑战与人权,确保法律和伦理应用.
科学领域:
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 卫生法 法律 卫生法
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 越来越多地用于医疗保健,为诊断,治疗和资源分配提供了潜在的好处.
- 人工智能在医疗保健中的扩展引发了重大人权问题,包括隐私,偏见,歧视和人类尊严.
- 当前的道德框架,如公平,问责,透明和道德 (FATE),往往不足以解决这些复杂的问题.
研究的目的:
- 检查人工智能在医疗保健中的不断扩大的作用及其相关的人权影响.
- 评估新欧盟 (EU) 立法是否充分解决这些人权问题.
- 提出一个结构化的,基于人权的方法来评估医疗保健中的AI应用.
主要方法:
- 对现有的道德原则和人权框架的文献审查.
- 对当前和拟议的人工智能医疗保健应用的分析.
- 开发一种新的方法来协调人权与人工智能设计和实施.
- 考虑不同类别的人权 (民事/政治与经济/社会/文化) 和国家义务 (负面/正面).
主要成果:
- 人工智能融入医疗保健具有双重潜力:推进健康权,同时引入隐私,公平和尊严的风险.
- 现有的伦理准则 (例如,FATE) 可能不完全涵盖人权问题的广度.
- 基于人权的方法是必要的,以确保AI在医疗保健中的道德和法律部署.
结论:
- 提出了一种结构化的方法来协调医疗保健中的人权与人工智能,考虑各种权利和国家义务.
- 这种方法旨在提供一个比现有的原则更强大的框架,以确保人工智能的道德发展和使用.
- 该研究强调需要对人工智能在医疗保健中的全面法律和道德评估,特别是在新的立法面前.
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