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相关概念视频

Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment01:17

Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment

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Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
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Effect of Sea Water on Concrete01:22

Effect of Sea Water on Concrete

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Concrete exposed to seawater can undergo degradation like the dissolution of ettringite and gypsum, increasing the material's porosity and decreasing its strength. In contrast, the crystallization of salts within the concrete's pores can cause expansion, particularly above the waterline where evaporation occurs. Nonetheless, this expansion only happens when seawater, enabled by the concrete's permeability, manages to infiltrate the structure.
Concrete in areas between tide marks,...
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Design Example: Maintaining Level of an Embankment01:19

Design Example: Maintaining Level of an Embankment

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Constructing a roadway embankment over uneven terrain requires precise leveling to ensure stability and proper drainage. Surveyors use a leveling instrument and staff to calculate ground elevations and determine the required fill material at each point along the embankment alignment.The process begins by positioning a leveling instrument near a benchmark with a known elevation. A backsight reading establishes the instrument height, which serves as a reference for subsequent measurements. A...
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Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss01:57

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Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
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Keystone Species

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Measures of species biodiversity, such as richness (i.e., the number of species present) and evenness (i.e., their relative abundance), describe an ecological community’s structure. Many factors affect community structure, including abiotic factors (e.g., sunlight and nutrients), disturbances (e.g., fire or flood), species interactions (e.g., predation or competition), and chance events (e.g., foreign species invasion). Certain species—such as keystone species—also play a...
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Updated: May 17, 2025

Modifying the Bank Erosion Hazard Index BEHI Protocol for Rapid Assessment of Streambank Erosion in Northeastern Ohio
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评估以自然为基础的沿海防御.

Virginie K E Duvat1,2, Inès Hatton3, Louise Burban3

  • 1UMRi LIENSs 7266, La Rochelle Université-CNRS, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000, La Rochelle, France. virginie.duvat@univ-lr.fr.

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概括

法国海外领土的以自然为基础的海岸防御项目显示出高度的社会接受性,但风险降低效率较低. 挑战包括资金,政治支持和未来风险校准.

关键词:
气候变化 气候变化 气候变化减少沿海风险的减少基于生态系统的适应.基于自然的解决方案小小的岛屿 小小的岛屿结构化的专家判断.

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科学领域:

  • 环境科学 环境科学
  • 适应气候变化 适应气候变化
  • 沿海地区的管理

背景情况:

  • 基于自然的沿海防御 (NBCD) 是为了减少气候风险而被推广的,因为它被认为是有效的和具有成本效益的.
  • 然而,需要对NBCD实施和绩效进行批判性评估,特别是在不同的地理环境中.

研究的目的:

  • 分析法国海外领土的23个基于自然的海岸防御项目的表现.
  • 评估这些项目的有利条件,降低风险的有效性和外部性.
  • 识别影响基于自然的海岸防御解决方案成功的障碍和杆.

主要方法:

  • 采用后期专家判断方法来评估23个已实施的NBCD项目.
  • 项目根据背景,治理,资金,社会接受度,技术有效性和对适应的贡献进行了评估.
  • 收集和分析了关于项目特征,绩效指数以及识别的障碍/杆的数据.

主要成果:

  • 项目主要针对沿海侵蚀 (80%),通常涉及自然/农村地区 (47.8%) 的恢复 (87.1%).
  • 最高的绩效分数是治理和社会接受度;最低的分数是降低风险的有效性.
  • 没有一个项目包括风险降低评估或对未来风险进行校准; 常见的障碍包括缺乏政治支持和长期资金.

结论:

  • 虽然NBCD项目在治理和社会方面表现出优势,但它们在降低风险方面的技术有效性需要大幅度改进.
  • 解决诸如确保持续融资,获得政治支持和适应土地所有权问题等障碍对于提高NBCD绩效至关重要.
  • 未来的NBCD战略必须包括对未来气候风险的强有力的监测,评估和校准,以确保长期成功.