在患有多发性骨髓瘤的患者中,一次或两次流感A/B疫苗接种后的免疫反应
Julius C Enssle1,2,3,4, Tonio Brinkschmidt1,2,3,4, Ralf Dürrwald5
1Department of Medicine II - Hematology and Oncology, Goethe-University, University Hospital, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
Annals of hematology
|May 15, 2025
概括
多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 患者接种季节性流感A/B疫苗的反应率为63.3%. 对于许多MM患者来说,单一的疫苗可能就足够了,但主要增强方法可能会使最近接受高剂量化疗和干细胞移植治疗的人受益.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 患者具有免疫抑制,增加感染风险.
- 标准流感A/B疫苗接种方案旨在改善MM患者的免疫反应.
- 之前的研究表明,单剂量后血清转化率低于最佳水平,增强后有所改善.
研究的目的:
- 在MM患者中,评估针对单次流感A/B疫苗接种的免疫反应与初级增强疫苗接种的免疫反应.
- 为了确定疫苗接种后足够的血清反应的预测因素.
- 评估最近高剂量化疗和自身干细胞移植 (HDC-ASCT) 对疫苗反应的影响.
主要方法:
- 在2019/20赛季对71名MM患者进行了回顾性单中心研究.
- 在一次或一次性增强流感A/B疫苗接种后对免疫反应的分析.
- 多变量回归分析以确定反应的预测因素.
主要成果:
- 总的来说,63.3%的MM患者在接种A/B型流感疫苗时取得了足够的反应.
- 主要增强疫苗接种显示了更高的标位,但没有显著增加响应率.
- 完全/非常好的部分缓解和缺乏免疫衰竭预测了足够的反应.
- 高CD19+B细胞和CD4+T细胞计数的特征是响应者.
- 只有在增强后才有反应的患者,自HDC-ASCT以来的时间较短.
结论:
- 对一些MM患者来说,单次流感A/B疫苗接种可能足够.
- 对于最近接受了HDC-ASCT的MM患者来说,一个主要提升策略可能更有利.
- 免疫状况,特别是B细胞和T细胞的数量,影响了MM的疫苗反应.
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