战略性地创建最大限度的异质实验室小组并没有提高小组在入门生物学实验室课程中的表现
Anisha S Navlekar1, Elli J Theobald2, Ken Griffith1,3
1Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States of America.
PloS one
|May 15, 2025
概括
在入门生物学实验室中形成最多异质群体并没有提高学生的成绩或减少冲突. 这项研究表明,在这种情况下,组组合策略对学业成绩的影响最小.
科学领域:
- 生物教育教育 生物学教育
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 在实验室课程中,小组工作是必不可少的,但最佳的小组组建策略仍在争论中.
- 理论上,认知多样性是为了提高群体的表现,但实验室环境中的经验证据是混合的.
研究的目的:
- 调查最大限度的异质组分配与随机分配对入门生物学实验室课程中学生表现和态度的影响.
- 确定基于种族,性别和先前准备的战略群体形成是否会影响学术成果和协作学习经验.
主要方法:
- 在一个大招生入门生物学课程序列 (n=986) 中进行了准实验.
- 在一半的实验室部分,小组被随机分配,而在另一半的实验室部分,小组在战略上被分配为最大限度的异质.
- 评估了学生的学术表现 (实验室报告成绩,整体实验室成绩),群体冲突发生率和团队合作态度.
主要成果:
- 组建策略没有显著影响学生在协作实验室报告中的成绩或他们的整体实验室成绩.
- 报告的群体冲突不常见,因此无法进行分配方法之间的统计比较.
- 衡量团队工作满意度和对协作学习的看法缺乏测量不变性,防止直接的态度比较.
结论:
- 在这个入门生物学实验室环境中,战略性,最大限度的异质群组分配并没有提高学术表现.
- 该研究无法检测出群体冲突中的差异,也无法最终评估由于测量局限性的态度差异.
- 需要进一步的研究,以探索超出可衡量的学术成果的小组工作的体验差异.
相关概念视频
01:37Social Loafing
34.4K
Another way in which a group presence can affect performance is social loafing—the exertion of less effort by a person working together with a group. Social loafing occurs when our individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group. Thus, group performance declines on easy tasks (Karau & Williams, 1993). Essentially individual group members loaf and let other group members pick up the slack. Because each individual’s efforts cannot be evaluated,...
34.4K
02:01Group Design
8.8K
The most basic experimental design involves two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The two groups are designed to be the same except for one difference— experimental manipulation. The experimental group gets the experimental manipulation—that is, the treatment or variable being tested—and the control group does not. Since experimental manipulation is the only difference between the experimental and control groups, we can be sure that any differences between...
8.8K
00:57Inclusive Fitness
35.9K
Most altruistic behavior—in which one animal helps another at a cost to themselves—occurs between relatives. Scientists think these altruistic behaviors evolved because they increase the inclusive fitness of the animal providing help.
35.9K
01:23Test for Homogeneity
1.9K
The goodness–of–fit test can be used to decide whether a population fits a given distribution, but it will not suffice to decide whether two populations follow the same unknown distribution. A different test, called the test for homogeneity, can be used to conclude whether two populations have the same distribution. To calculate the test statistic for a test for homogeneity, follow the same procedure as with the test of independence. The hypotheses for the test for homogeneity can...
1.9K
01:22Case Studies
11.5K
There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it.
11.5K
01:01Group Polarization
34.0K
Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
34.0K