在两次HIV-1 Env免疫接种中,B细胞反应的趋同和分歧在 rhesus macaques 中
Jenna M DeLuca1, Maria Blasi2,3, Taylor J McGee1
1Translational Immunobiology Unit, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Communications medicine
|May 15, 2025
概括
使用不同HIV-1免疫原格式的顺序免疫可以引起B细胞反应,而这些B细胞反应未能引起先前的反应. 然而,B细胞抑制即使在先前存在的免疫力下也是可能的,这表明适应性疫苗策略的潜力.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 疫苗开发 疫苗开发
背景情况:
- 连续的多价值免疫接种是对抗HIV-1等快速突变病毒的标准.
- 了解不同免疫原格式如何影响B细胞反应对于有效的疫苗设计至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估HIV-1免疫原格式对诱导的记忆B细胞的结合特征的影响.
- 为了比较由多层细胞生成的B细胞反应与Rhesus的顺序Env糖蛋白免疫接种.
主要方法:
- 使用不同的HIV-1包膜糖蛋白 (Env) 免疫策略进行了两项 rhesus试验.
- 周围记忆B细胞被分类,培养,并通过ELISA分析了超级细胞与各种Env免疫原体的结合.
主要成果:
- 在第一项试验中,高比例的B细胞与多个Envs进行了交叉反应.
- 在第二次试验中,用非稳定型gp140 Envs进行顺序免疫,引起了对所有先前免疫原反应的B细胞,但引入稳定型SOSIP三元体导致了B细胞反应的分歧.
- 在SOSIP免疫接种后,观察到SOSIP反应性B细胞的显著增加,与先前免疫原体的交叉反应性有限.
结论:
- 序列性免疫原体疗法可以引起汇聚在共同表位上的B细胞.
- 免疫原格式的变化,特别是对稳定的SOSIP三元体的变化,可能会导致B细胞反应的分歧,不会引起先前的反应.
- 使用非稳定Env的B细胞原始化不会改变SOSIP调整剂中的表位细胞免疫主导层次,但尽管存在免疫力,但B细胞抑制是可行的.
相关概念视频
01:24B Cell Activation and Differentiation
1.3K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
1.3K
00:42Cross-reactivity
30.9K
Overview
30.9K
01:23Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
738
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
738
01:28Diversity of Antigen Receptors
473
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
473