用合成图像增强来检测COVID-19和肺炎的YOLOv8框架
Uddin A Hasib1, Raihan Md Abu1, Jing Yang2
1Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Khwaja Yunus Ali University, Sirajganj, Bangladesh.
Digital health
|May 16, 2025
概括
本研究介绍了一个使用合成数据和深度学习来准确检测COVID-19和肺炎的框架. YOLOv8模型实现了97%的准确性,通过可解释的AI增强了诊断信心.
科学领域:
- 医学成像分析 医学成像分析
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 深度学习用于诊断.
背景情况:
- 通过医学成像来准确检测COVID-19和肺炎对于患者管理至关重要.
- 数据集的不平衡和缺乏可解释性阻碍了AI在诊断中的采用.
- 需要可解释的人工智能 (XAI) 技术来建立对人工智能驱动的医学诊断的信任.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个强大的框架,整合合成图像增强和深度学习 (DL) 以改善COVID-19和肺炎检测.
- 用先进的AI模型解决数据集失衡并提高诊断准确性.
- 通过可解释人工智能 (XAI) 技术增加对人工智能诊断的信任.
主要方法:
- 基准测试最先进的DL模型 (InceptionV3,DenseNet,ResNet) 进行比较.
- 使用特征插值和PCA生成合成图像用于数据增强.
- 在增强数据上训练YOLOv8和InceptionV3模型,使用Grad-CAM进行可解释性和LLMs进行分析.
主要成果:
- YOLOv8实现了97%的准确性,精度,回忆和F1得分,超过了基准模型.
- 合成数据生成有效地缓解了阶级不平衡,并改善了少数阶级的回忆.
- XAI可视化 (Grad-CAM) 证实了模型专注于临床相关领域,验证诊断决策.
结论:
- 综合框架增强了COVID-19和肺炎检测,通过合成数据,DL和XAI培养信任.
- YOLOv8的高精度与可解释的可视化相结合,促进了临床AI的采用.
- 未来的工作包括开发一个人-in-the-loop工作流程和整合变压器模型,以提高可解释性.
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