信息和通信技术的使用增加了劳动力的地理多样性
Pengjun Zhao1,2,3, Hao Wang2,3, William A V Clark4
1College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
概括
信息和通信技术 (ICT) 的采用重塑了农村和城市移民的求职方式,促进了城市的地理多样性. 然而,它增加了旅行距离,给可持续发展带来了挑战.
科学领域:
- 城市研究 城市研究
- 劳动经济学 劳动经济学
- 信息系统信息系统信息系统
背景情况:
- 农村-城市迁移是影响城市劳动力市场的一个显著的人口趋势.
- 信息和通信技术 (ICT) 的日益普及影响了日常生活的各个方面,包括就业.
- 了解ICT,移民和城市劳动力组成之间的相互作用对于可持续发展至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查ICT采用对中国城市农村城市移徙劳动力的地理多样性的影响.
- 使用新型指数量化ICT使用与劳动力地理多样性之间的关系.
- 探索ICT驱动的劳动力流动性对城市包容性和可持续性的影响.
主要方法:
- 开发和应用农村-城市移民劳动力地理多样性指数 (GDI).
- 分析了中国城市的2000万移民工人的流动模式 (2019年第一季度-2023年第四季度).
- 使用面板矢量自回归 (PVAR) 模型来确定ICT使用和GDI之间的因果关系.
主要成果:
- 信息通信技术的采用大大影响了劳动力的地理多样性,并通过PVAR模型确定了因果关系.
- 观察到不同的影响:大城市和男性工人比小城市和女性工人更受益于ICT采用.
- 信息通信技术驱动的多样性提高了劳动生产率,但也增加了寻找工作的旅行距离和碳排放.
结论:
- 信息和通信技术作为双刃剑,促进城市包容性和劳动生产率,同时提出可持续性挑战.
- 政策制定者必须考虑ICT驱动的移民对环境的影响,以实现公平的城市发展.
- 需要进行战略干预,以利用数字工具实现可持续和包容的城市增长.
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