相关实验视频
Updated: Jun 14, 2025
05:07
CO2-Lasertonsillotomy Under Local Anesthesia in Adults
Published on: November 6, 2019
24.3K
父母焦虑和灾难化对儿童桃体切除术后阿片类药物消费的影响
Tanya Chen1, Jennifer M Siu1, Bradley Hubbard2
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
概括
父母的焦虑和疼痛灾难化与桃体切除术后儿童早期阿片类药物使用的增加相关. 针对性的家长心理健康查和咨询可以改善儿科疼痛管理.
科学领域:
- 儿科麻醉学 儿科麻醉学
- 疼痛管理 疼痛管理
- 健康中的心理因素.
背景情况:
- 父母心理因素显著影响儿科手术后疼痛管理,尽管这种关系尚未完全理解.
- 了解这些因素对于优化手术儿童疼痛控制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查父母焦虑,疼痛灾难化和在接受桃体切除手术的儿童中服用阿片类药物之间的联系.
- 在儿科患者中确定早期术后阿片类药物使用的心理预测因素.
主要方法:
- 一项多中心前性队列研究,涉及经过腺切除术的儿童的父母.
- 评估了父母的焦虑和疼痛灾难化使用国家道焦虑库存 (STAI),数值焦虑量表 (NAS) 和疼痛灾难化量表-父母版本 (PCS-P).
- 手术后的阿片类药物镇痛数据是在手术后的1,3,7和10天收集的.
主要成果:
- 在PCS-P和NAS上,父母的得分更高与早期术后阿片类药物 (POD 1和3) 的增加概率有关.
- 有沟通延迟的儿童和年幼的儿童也表现出早期阿片类药物管理的增加.
- 该研究包括236名患者,平均儿童年龄为5.1岁.
结论:
- 高度的父母焦虑和灾难化倾向预测,在桃体切除术后的儿童中,早期的阿片类药物使用率更高.
- 有沟通困难的儿童需要更多的阿片类止痛药.
- 建议采取专注于父母心理健康查,术后咨询和量身定制的疼痛管理计划的干预措施.
相关概念视频
01:26Tonsillitis II: Management
105
This lesson will focus on the different treatment options for managing tonsillitis, which typically depend on the cause and severity.
105
01:25Analgesia and Pain Management
552
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
552
01:23Chronic Pharyngitis
1.4K
Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
Etiology
It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...
1.4K
01:23Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics
246
Respiratory symptoms, such as congestion and cough, commonly accompany respiratory tract conditions. Various medications, such as antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics, play crucial roles in providing relief.
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla. Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by...
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla. Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by...
246
01:20Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners
192
Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
192
01:15Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
251
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
251