在布里德谷市的上游SARS-CoV-2变种监测使用基于废水的流行病学
Kholofelo Malemela1, Noluxabiso Mangwana2, Stephanie Dias2
1Biomedical Research and Innovation Platform, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg, South Africa; Department of Microbiological Pathology, School of Medicine, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.
The Science of the total environment
|May 16, 2025
概括
南非的废水监测显示了高SARS-CoV-2负载,特别是罗森维尔的Delta变种. 有针对性的上游采样对于追踪变种和指导公共卫生工作至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学环境科学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- COVID-19大流行严重影响了全球卫生系统,特别是在资源有限的国家.
- 基于废水的流行病学 (WBE) 提供了一种具有成本效益的传染病监测方法.
- 传统的监控方法在疫情期间面临挑战,需要采用替代策略.
研究的目的:
- 在南非布里德谷市区实施和评估基于废水的SARS-CoV-2监测流行病学.
- 确定污水系统中导致病毒载量的特定位置.
- 在废水中流通的SARS-CoV-2变种的特征.
主要方法:
- 使用RT-qPCR对污水处理厂 (WWTP) 进行每周的监测,以量化病毒载量.
- 全基因组测序用于识别SARS-CoV-2变种.
- 取上游人洞的样本,以确定污染源.
主要成果:
- 与其他样本城镇相比,罗森维尔的SARS-CoV-2病毒载量中位数 (2211 gc/mL) 是最高的.
- 罗森维尔 (格雷街和拉格比街) 的上游通道被确定为病毒负载的主要贡献者.
- 虽然Delta变种普遍存在,但Omicron (BA.5) 在特定的上游地区被检测到,这表明复杂的传播动态.
结论:
- 基于废水的流行病学是有效的监测SARS-CoV-2的流行和变体循环.
- 有针对性的上游废水监测可以有效地追踪病毒变异的出现和传播.
- 调查结果强调,需要继续WBE以告知低资源环境中的公共卫生干预措施.
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