调整多乳酸性能,使用各种链条长度的绿色酸可塑剂
Carlos Lazaro-Hdez1, Pablo M Stefani2, Octavio Fenollar1
1Instituto Universitario de Investigación de Tecnología de Materiales (IUITM), Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV), Plaza Ferrándiz y Carbonell 1, 03801 Alcoy, Alicante, Spain.
International journal of biological macromolecules
|May 16, 2025
概括
增塑剂通过增加链的移动性来增强聚乳酸 (PLA) 的可变性,但降低了强度. 三乙酸盐 (TEC) 在20重%的剂量产生307%的延长,而较低的数量显示抗塑化.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 聚合物科学 聚合物科学
- 化学工程是化学工程的重要组成部分.
背景情况:
- 聚乳酸 (PLA) 是一种具有有限延展性的可生物降解聚合物.
- 增塑剂是用于增加聚合物灵活性的添加剂.
- 了解塑化剂效应对于定制PLA特性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究塑化剂对PLA机械,热和形状记忆性能的影响.
- 为了确定最佳的塑化剂度,以提高可变形性.
- 探索塑化剂含量,链流动性和结晶之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 机械测试 (拉力强度,破裂时的延伸).
- 热分析 (用于玻璃过渡温度的微分扫描热量计).
- 热力学分析.热力学分析.
- 形状记忆恢复测试.
- 暴露于食品模拟剂以评估塑化剂迁移.
主要成果:
- 三乙酸盐 (TEC) 在20重%显著增强了PLA延伸到307%,同时将拉伸强度降低到25.2MPa.
- 玻璃过渡温度从59.6°C降低到19.3°C证实了链的流动性增加.
- 塑化剂促进了结晶,影响了形状记忆的恢复.
- 观察到可塑化剂的迁移,与增加的自由体积和可塑性相关.
结论:
- 塑化剂有效地改善了PLA的柔性特性,并降低了其玻璃过渡温度.
- 最佳的增塑剂度对于平衡可变性和机械完整性至关重要.
- 塑化剂的迁移是影响长期性质和潜在应用的关键因素,特别是在与食品接触的材料中.
相关概念视频
01:14Polymer Classification: Architecture
2.6K
Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
2.6K
01:26Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity
2.4K
Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
2.4K
01:17Ziegler–Natta Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview
3.2K
Ziegler–Natta polymerization is another form of addition or chain‐growth polymerization used for synthesizing linear polymers over branched polymers. The catalyst used for polymerization is the Ziegler–Natta catalyst, named after Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta, who developed it in 1953. This catalyst is an organometallic complex of titanium tetrachloride and triethyl aluminum, with the active form of the catalyst being an alkyl titanium compound. Using the Ziegler–Natta...
3.2K
01:03Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview
3.4K
Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
Many natural and synthetic polymers are produced by...
3.4K
01:20Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters
2.2K
The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
2.2K
01:20Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview
2.0K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.0K