瘤位置作为严重免疫相关不良事件的风险因素
Steven M Blum1,2, Ben Ouyang1,3, Leyre Zubiri1,2
1Medical Oncology, Mass General Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Journal for immunotherapy of cancer
|May 16, 2025
概括
肝脏或肺部等器官中的瘤沉积可能会增加在免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 治疗期间发生严重免疫相关不良事件 (irAEs) 的风险. 这一发现表明,在特定器官中存在irAEs的新型风险因素.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 临床医学 临床医学
背景情况:
- 免疫相关不良事件 (irAEs) 是免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 治疗的重大并发症,可能导致严重的发病率和死亡率.
- 了解irrAEs的风险因素对于优化癌症治疗和患者管理至关重要.
- 特定器官的瘤负担与这些器官中irAEs的发展之间的关系尚未得到充分证实.
研究的目的:
- 调查某个器官中瘤沉积的存在是否会增加该特定器官中发生严重irAEs的可能性.
- 在接受ICI治疗的患者中识别irAEs的潜在新型风险因素.
主要方法:
- 在2011年2月至2021年11月期间,进行了一项回顾性队列研究,涉及384名因疑似irrAEs住院的患者.
- 对癌症治疗ICI的患者进行了分析,以检测肝脏和肺部瘤沉积物的存在.
- 与ICI相关的肝炎和肺炎的发病率在各器官中存在瘤沉积和没有瘤沉积的患者之间进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 与ICI相关的肝炎发生在18%的患有肝脏瘤沉积的患者中,而没有 (OR 2.23,p=0.02) 的患者为8%.
- 与ICI相关的肺炎发生在10%的患有肺瘤沉积的患者中,而没有 (OR2.45,p=0.047) 的患者为4.4%.
- 存在于肝脏或肺部的瘤沉积物显著增加了该器官发展irAE的几率超过两倍 (OR2.31,p=0.002).
结论:
- 在某个器官中存在瘤沉积与在该器官中发展严重的irAEs的风险明显增加有关.
- 瘤沉积可能是ICI治疗患者器官特异性irrAEs的新型和重要的风险因素.
- 这些发现强调了在ICI治疗期间评估irAE风险时需要考虑瘤负担的必要性.
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