西藏高原作为一个净温室气体沉积点
Tao Wang1, Xinhui Ji2, Jianjun Wei2
1State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
Science bulletin
|May 16, 2025
概括
西藏高原几乎是气候中立的,来自牲畜和水的温室气体排放抵消了碳汇. 可持续的牧牧业可以显著提高其减缓气候变化的作用.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 气候变化研究 气候变化研究
- 生态系统研究 生态系统研究
背景情况:
- 西藏高原的温室气体预算在很大程度上是未知的.
- 来自牲畜和水体的甲 (CH4) 和氧化 (N2O) 排放对气候目标造成不确定性.
- 对西藏高原气候贡献的准确评估对于中国2060年目标至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过西藏高原生态系统和内陆水域估计温室气体流量 (CH4和N2O).
- 量化畜牧业和水污染排放对陆地碳汇的影响.
- 在不同的管理场景下预测未来的温室气体预算.
主要方法:
- 从约500个地点进行综合温室气体流量测量.
- 对畜牧业排放的实证建模方法.
- 对CH4和N2O流量的基于过程的生物地质化学建模.
主要成果:
- 畜牧业和内水排放 (主要是CH4) 分别抵消了约21%和约13%的森林和草原碳汇.
- 西藏高原充当温室气体消化器,几乎平衡了人为排放,几乎实现了气候中立.
- 持续的过度放牧可能会抵消到2060年由于CH4排放而增加的陆地二氧化碳吸收.
结论:
- 过渡到畜牧和料平衡,并减少畜牧排放强度,可以将温室气体吸收量增加1.5倍以上.
- 可持续的牧业是最大限度地减少生态系统温室气体排放的关键.
- 西藏高原可以通过改善土地管理,在实现中国的气候目标方面发挥重要作用.
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