自闭症中的叙述性身份差异
Mélissa C Allé1,2, Priscille Schneider3, Lyla Rigoulot4
1Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab - Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, 59000, Lille, France. melissa.alle@univ-lille.fr.
Scientific reports
|May 16, 2025
概括
与非自闭症个体相比,自闭症个体在生活故事叙事认同上表现出差异,连贯性较低,专注于更消极的个人事件.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 通常与自我感知和自我连续性的改变有关.
- 之前关于自闭症叙事身份的研究集中在单一事件回忆上,而不是整合的生活故事.
研究的目的:
- 通过分析他们的生活故事来调查自闭症个体的叙事身份.
- 为了比较自闭症和非自闭症个体之间的叙事连贯性和生活故事的内容.
主要方法:
- 收集了自闭症 (n=22) 和非自闭症 (n=22) 参与者的生活故事.
- 评估了叙述的连贯性,包括因果-动机连贯性.
- 内容分析侧重于事件的消极性,情绪回收和生活影响.
主要成果:
- 自闭症患者在他们的生活叙述中表现出较低的全球和因果-动机连贯性.
- 自闭症个体的生命故事具有较少的典型叙事开始和结束.
- 自闭症参与者回忆起更多负面的个人事件,生活影响较低,相关的负面情绪.
结论:
- 自闭症个体表现出一种独特的叙事身份,其特点是连贯性减少,对生活事件的重视不同.
- 这些差异可能源于自闭症中叙事连贯性,时间框架和视角能力的变化.
相关概念视频
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
52
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
52
01:14Autobiographical Memory
4.0K
Autobiographical memory is a unique type of episodic memory that involves recollecting personal life experiences. It allows individuals to remember significant events from their past, creating a narrative of their lives. One interesting phenomenon related to autobiographical memory is the reminiscence bump. This effect refers to the tendency of adults to recall more events from their second and third decades of life — typically between ages 10 to 30 — than from other periods. This...
4.0K
01:26Modeling in Therapy
38
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
38
02:16Self-Schemas
30.8K
In general, a schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
30.8K
01:26Personality Disorders: Narcissistic and Avoidant
20
Narcissistic and avoidant personality traits represent two contrasting patterns of behavior that significantly influence social interactions and self-perception. While individuals with narcissistic disorder seek admiration and validation, individuals with avoidant personality disorder withdraw due to fear of judgment.
Characteristics of Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Narcissistic individuals exhibit an inflated sense of self-importance and an excessive need for admiration. They are often...
Characteristics of Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Narcissistic individuals exhibit an inflated sense of self-importance and an excessive need for admiration. They are often...
20
02:57The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison
49.5K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
49.5K