在四个西非国家的不完全儿童接种疫苗的预测因素:基于人口的横截面研究
Olorunfemi Akinbode Ogundele1, Hassan Seun Ogunwemimo2, Funmito Omolola Fehintola3
1Department of Community Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Nigeria. femidele@gmail.com.
Scientific reports
|May 16, 2025
概括
在西非,儿童疫苗接种不足仍然很高,影响了67%的儿童. 诸如孕产妇教育和产前护理等因素显著降低了不完全接种疫苗的风险,突出了需要干预的领域.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 不完全的儿童疫苗接种对疫苗可预防疾病 (VPDs) 和疫情传播构成重大风险.
- 了解疫苗接种差距对于西非的公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定四个西非国家的12-23个月龄的儿童中不完全接种疫苗的流行率.
- 确定与该地区不完全接种疫苗相关的关键预测因素.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自四个西非国家的最新人口和健康调查 (DHS) 的数据.
- 在11,333名儿童的加权样本上使用多变量逻辑回归分析.
- 统计学显著性是使用p值<0.05来确定的.
主要成果:
- 发现不完全接种疫苗的综合流行率为67%.
- 母亲因素,如产前诊所出诊 (AOR 0.46),教育 (AOR 0.54) 和就业 (AOR 0.88) 与不完全接种疫苗的几率较低有关.
- 儿童接种疫苗的完成也与医疗机构的分娩 (AOR 0.85),更高的家庭财富 (AOR 0.85) 和更高的母亲年龄 (AOR 0.69) 有积极的关联.
结论:
- 由于儿童疫苗接种不完全的高发病率,西非需要有针对性的干预措施.
- 解决已确定的障碍,包括孕产妇教育,医疗保健准入和社会经济因素,对于改善疫苗接种覆盖率至关重要.
- 政策和计划实施应侧重于特定国家和区域预测因素,以提高免疫率.
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