微生物群入侵和肠-脂肪-肝轴在与代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病中
Daria Igudesman1, Gongxin Yu1, Charlene Dauriat2
1AdventHealth Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA.
概括
微生物群侵入并不能直接表明代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病 (MASLD) 的严重程度. 然而,肠道基因表达将微生物群变化与胰岛素抵抗和MASLD联系起来.
科学领域:
- 胃肠病学和肝病学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 代谢疾病 代谢疾病
背景情况:
- 与代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝病 (MASLD) 影响了近一半的成年人,原因尚不清楚.
- 肠道微生物群与MASLD有关,但人类研究面临微生物变异性挑战.
- 这项研究调查了肠道表型,包括微生物群侵占,作为MASLD的潜在病理特征.
研究的目的:
- 确定微生物群侵占和相关的肠道表型是否是MASLD的病理特征.
- 探索肠道表型,肠道透性,结肠组织病理学和MASLD中的胰岛素抵抗之间的关系.
- 调查结肠基因表达,微生物入和与MASLD相关的代谢终点之间的相关性.
主要方法:
- 从MASLD患者和对照组收集了西格结肠活检.
- 使用粘液免疫染色和光 in situ 杂交的量化微生物群入侵.
- 评估了肠道透性,结肠组织病理学和胰岛素耐药性;进行了RNA测序和加权基因网络相关性分析.
主要成果:
- 在MASLD患者和对照人群中,微生物入并没有显著差异.
- 肠道透性和结肠组织病理学在各组中都相似.
- 微生物群侵入与调节胰岛素和脂质代谢的结肠基因网络相关,与脂肪组织的胰岛素抵抗 (Adipo-IR) 和肝硬化/纤维化途径有关.
结论:
- 微生物群侵占和相关的肠道表型与MASLD的严重程度没有相关性.
- 在胰岛素信号传递和脂质代谢中结肠基因表达将微生物入与阿迪波-IR和MASLD联系起来.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解结肠基因产品与基于微生物群的MASLD机制的相互作用.
相关概念视频
01:28Overview of Fatty Acid Metabolism
25.4K
Lipids also are sources of energy that power cellular processes. Like carbohydrates, lipids are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but these atoms are arranged differently. Most lipids are nonpolar and hydrophobic. Major types include fats and oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids.
Fatty acids are catabolized in a process called beta-oxidation, which takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria and converts their fatty acid chains into two-carbon units of acetyl groups. The acetyl...
Fatty acids are catabolized in a process called beta-oxidation, which takes place in the matrix of the mitochondria and converts their fatty acid chains into two-carbon units of acetyl groups. The acetyl...
25.4K
01:24Overview of Lipid Metabolism
6.9K
Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
Lipolysis: The Breakdown of Lipids:
Lipolysis is the process of breaking down lipids, particularly triglycerides, into glycerol and fatty acids. This process typically occurs in the adipose tissue and is triggered by various hormones, including glucagon and...
6.9K
01:20Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion
324
Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
324
01:18Functions of the Gut Microbiota
222
The gut microbiota includes trillions of microorganisms that colonize the human gastrointestinal tract, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi. This complex ecosystem plays a critical role in maintaining intestinal and systemic health. Most of these microbes inhabit the large intestine, establishing a relatively stable and diverse community that contributes to gut homeostasis through various metabolic, immunological, and protective mechanisms.Dominant bacterial phyla, such as...
222
01:22Gut-Brain Axis
222
The gut–brain axis is a bidirectional communication system that connects the gastrointestinal tract and the brain. This interaction is mediated through multiple pathways, including the vagus nerve, hormonal signals, immune responses, and chemical messengers produced by gut microbes.Microbial Contributions to Brain FunctionGut microbiota contributes significantly to brain function by producing neuroactive compounds. These include neuroactive compounds that influence neurotransmitters such...
222
01:21Chronic Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology
30
Chronic pancreatitis is a progressive and irreversible inflammation of the pancreas, most often caused by long-term alcohol abuse, but it can also be related to ductal obstruction, smoking, or genetic factors.Chronic pancreatitis occurs when the pancreas is repeatedly exposed to harmful agents like alcohol, smoking, ductal obstruction, or genetic predisposition. These factors lead to the release of toxic metabolites and inflammatory cytokines, sustaining chronic inflammation in the pancreatic...
30