杏仁体和前额叶皮层体积和白质管道微观结构的成熟时间的性别差异
Jamie Roeske1, Xiangyu Long2, Meaghan V Perdue2
1Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, 28 Oki Drive, Calgary, Alberta, T3B 6A8 Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1 Canada.
Developmental cognitive neuroscience
|May 17, 2025
概括
青少年的大脑发育显示出性别差异. 杏仁体和前额叶皮层在女性中较早成熟,这可能解释了寻求感觉行为的差异.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 发育不匹配假设 (DMH) 表明,青少年寻找感觉的行为源于杏仁体和前额叶皮层 (PFC) 的异步成熟.
- 有限的研究已经探索了这种发育不匹配的性别差异,或检查了灰质和白质的轨迹.
研究的目的:
- 调查杏仁体和PFC的成熟时间以及相关的白质道的性别差异.
- 为了评估发育不匹配假设 (DMH) 在典型的发育儿童和青少年,考虑到灰色和白质的发展.
主要方法:
- 利用148名参与者 (年龄为1.95-17.71岁) 的T1加权和扩散加权MRI扫描.
- 应用了一般化的添加混合效应模型来分析杏仁体和PFC亚区域的体积,以及关键轨道的白质微观结构 (微分异型,平均扩散性).
- 检查了儿童和青少年时期的成熟轨迹.
主要成果:
- 杏仁体和PFC成熟与男性的DMH保持一致,但在女性中较少,她们的杏仁体发育减少和PFC成熟期更短.
- 白质,与灰质体积不同,表现出持续的发展,但在女性中比男性更早结束.
- 杏仁体-PFC神经系统在女性中比男性更早成熟.
结论:
- 在杏仁体-PFC成熟模式中存在显著的性别差异,在女性中观察到较早的成熟.
- 这些独特的发育轨迹可能是青少年寻求感觉行为的性别差异的基础.
- 这些发现挑战了普遍的DMH模型,并突出了发育神经科学中性别特定分析的重要性.
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