在说普通话的婴儿中,复杂语法的早期获取
Jingtao Zhu1,2, Anna Gavarró3
1Departament de Filologia Catalana, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. jtzhu@clicasia.com.
Scientific reports
|May 17, 2025
概括
汉语婴儿和成年人理解的非正典句子与对象标记"ba". 即使是患者第一句的句子结构也被婴儿处理,这表明婴儿很早就能获得语法知识.
科学领域:
- 心理语言学 心理语言学
- 儿童语言获取 儿童语言获取
- 语法 语法 语法 语法 语法
背景情况:
- 中国普通话主要是一种主体-动词-对象 (SVO) 语言.
- 非正规的句子结构,特别是使用对象标记"ba"的句子结构,在儿童语言发展中被理解得更少.
研究的目的:
- 调查普通话学习的婴儿和成年人如何处理非正典的句子结构.
- 探索婴儿在遇到对象标记句子时使用的解析策略.
主要方法:
- 利用了眼睛追踪和多式联运优先查看范式.
- 使用伪动词来测试三个语法句型的理解能力:SVO,主体-对象-动词 (SbaOV) 和对象-主体-对象-动词 (O,SbaOV).
- 包括24名学习普通话的婴儿 (平均年龄17.5个月) 和48名成年人.
主要成果:
- 婴儿和成年人都表现出对所有三种句子类型的理解能力,通过对目标场景的更长的目光来表明.
- 使用AGENT-first解析策略有效处理SVO和SbaOV句子.
- 婴儿成功解析了O,SbaOV结构,这需要一个PATIENT-first的策略.
结论:
- 学习普通话的婴儿很早就能理解非正典的句子结构,包括对象标记的"ba"句子.
- 婴儿处理患者第一的O,SbaOV构造的能力表明他们拥有比简单的解析策略之外的语法,语言特定知识.
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