在高密度果园种植适应气候变化的果种植的覆盖和灌战略
S Ananthakrishnan1, J C Sharma2, Nitin Sharma2
1Department of Soil Science and Water Management, Dr. YS Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, HP, 173 230, India. ananthakrishnan003@gmail.com.
Scientific reports
|May 17, 2025
概括
草和充分灌可以最大限度地提高高密度果园的果产量. 减少用草灌提高了用水效率 (WUE),为果种植提供了适应气候变化的战略.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 园艺园艺 园艺园艺
- 土壤科学 土壤科学
背景情况:
- 气候变化通过气温上升影响温带作物产量.
- 优化土壤热水动力学对于高密度果园至关重要.
- 矮小的M9根茎需要特定的土壤条件才能获得最大的生产力.
研究的目的:
- 调查灌水平和土壤覆盖对高密度果园的土壤水热动态的影响.
- 评估不同和灌策略对土壤肥力和营养动态的影响.
- 确定灌和布的最佳组合,以最大限度地提高果产量和用水效率 (WUE).
主要方法:
- 实地实验采用两种灌水平 (100%和85%的作物蒸发透气 - ETc) 和三种覆盖层处理 (塑料,草,没有).
- 在印度希马查尔邦 (Himachal Pradesh) 低湿的农业气候区进行了两年的评估.
- 测量包括土壤温度,水分保护,营养动态,口腔密度和作物产量.
主要成果:
- 草显著降低了土壤的最大温度 (降低了2.2°C),增加了最低温度 (降低了1.3°C),改善了水分的保存.
- 草和100%的ETc灌的组合产生了最高的生产率 (80.8-83.3 Mg ha-1).
- 85%的ETc灌实现了更高的用水效率 (WUE),比100%的ETc增加了12.7-13.6%.
结论:
- 建议在高密度果园中使用100%ETc灌的草,以获得最佳的果生产率.
- 85%的ETc用草灌提供了一种节水策略,没有显著的产量损失,并改善WUE.
- 这种方法通过稳定温度,节约水分和改善水资源短缺下的WUE来提高果园的气候弹性.
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