免疫印记和疫苗接种间隔决定了对单价XBB.1.5COVID-19疫苗接种的抗体反应
Xammy Huu Wrynla1,2, Timothy A Bates2, Mila Trank-Greene2
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
Communications medicine
|May 17, 2025
概括
早期COVID-19疫苗的免疫印记继续影响对较新的XBB.1.5疫苗的抗体反应. 这表明,打印和接种疫苗的间隔对于未来的疫苗有效性至关重要.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- COVID-19疫苗接种策略必须考虑免疫印记和暴露间隔,因为病毒变得流行,疫苗每年更新一次.
- 之前的祖先尖蛋白印记已被证明会影响对双价疫苗的反应.
- 这项研究调查了对最近的XBB.1.5单价COVID-19疫苗抗体反应的免疫印记的持久性.
研究的目的:
- 评估先前疫苗接种史,特别是双价疫苗接种对XBB.1.5单价疫苗的免疫反应的影响.
- 为了确定免疫印记是否持续并影响XBB.1.5疫苗接种后的抗体中和结合标位.
主要方法:
- 在XBB.1.5接种疫苗之前和之后,量化活病毒中和抗体和祖先尖端受体结合同型标位.
- 接受双价疫苗 (武汉-胡-1/BA.4-5) 的人与没有接种双价疫苗的人的免疫反应比较.
- 利用焦点减小中和试验和免疫吸收试验来测量抗体效能和范围.
主要成果:
- 没有先前双价疫苗接种的个体对XBB.1.5,EG.5.1和JN.1变种的中和抗体显著增加.
- 非受试者也表现出增强结IgA和总IgG/A/M的增强,但不是IgG或IgM.
- 通过在两组中"反向增强"祖先的SARS-CoV-2标位,独立于接种疫苗的间隔,观察到持续免疫印记的证据.
结论:
- 免疫印记继续影响当前的XBB.1.5COVID-19疫苗引起的幽默免疫力.
- 免疫印记和接种之间的时间间隔都是影响未来适应变异的COVID-19疫苗免疫性的关键因素.
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