荷兰的当地描述性规范,吸烟和体重指数:2012年至2020年之间的基于人口的研究
Dorien T Beeres1, Joost Oude Groeniger2, Lili L Kókai1
1Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Health & place
|May 18, 2025
概括
邻里吸烟和超重的流行影响个人健康行为. 较高的当地吸烟率增加了个人吸烟风险,较高的超重率提高了身体质量指数 (BMI).
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会流行病学 社会流行病学
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
背景情况:
- 当地的健康规范,如吸烟和超重的流行,可以影响个人的健康行为.
- 了解这些关系对于制定有效的政策来减少邻居层面的健康不平等至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查当地描述性规范 (邻里吸烟和超重患病率) 与个人吸烟状况和体重指数 (BMI) 之间的关联.
- 调查这些关联如何随着时间的推移而变化,以及吸烟与BMI之间是否存在差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自荷兰生命线队列和SMAP的小区域估计数据来估计邻里患病率.
- 采用了通用线性模型和通用添加模型来分析个人吸烟和BMI与邻里患病率相关,控制共变量.
- 包括957个社区的31,753个人,数据来自2012年,2016年和2020年.
主要成果:
- 社区吸烟率增加5%与个人吸烟的相对风险增加13%有关 (RR=1.13).
- 社区超重患病率增加5%与个人BMI (B=0.47) 增加0.47个点相关.
- 超重的非线性关联被发现,在约50%居民超重的地区,BMI增加更为;吸烟的关联是线性的. 对于随时间变化的变化,没有发现任何显著的关联.
结论:
- 关于吸烟和超重的当地描述性规范与个人的健康行为有关.
- 这些发现表明,针对社区规范的干预措施可以有效地减少健康不平等.
- 政策影响包括考虑更有效的卫生干预措施的当地描述性规范.
相关概念视频
Statistical Methods for Analyzing Epidemiological Data
259
Epidemiological data primarily involves information on specific populations' occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health and diseases. This data is crucial for understanding disease patterns and impacts, aiding public health decision-making and disease prevention strategies. The analysis of epidemiological data employs various statistical methods to interpret health-related data effectively. Here are some commonly used methods:
259
Observational Studies
8.2K
Observational studies are a type of analytical study where researchers observe events without any interventions. In other words, the researcher does not influence the response variable or the experiment's outcome.
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
There are three types of observational studies – Prospective, retrospective, and cross-sectional.
Prospective Study
Prospective studies, also known as longitudinal or cohort studies, are carried out by collecting future data from groups sharing similar characteristics. One...
8.2K
Lifestyle Factors and Health
30
Lifestyle factors play a critical role in maintaining overall health and preventing chronic diseases. Key elements, such as regular physical activity, a nutritious diet, and abstinence from smoking, can significantly enhance physical, mental, and emotional well-being while reducing the risk of several life-threatening conditions.
Benefits of Physical Activity
Physical activity, whether through structured exercise or casual activities like walking, biking, or dancing, is a cornerstone of a...
Benefits of Physical Activity
Physical activity, whether through structured exercise or casual activities like walking, biking, or dancing, is a cornerstone of a...
30
Nature and Nurture
20.3K
Many human characteristics, like height, are shaped by both nature—in other words, by our genes—and by nurture, or our environment. For example, chronic stress during childhood inhibits the production of growth hormones and consequently reduces bone growth and height. Scientists estimate that 70-90% of variation in height is due to genetic differences among individuals, and 10-30% of variation in height is due to differences in the environments that individuals experience,...
20.3K
Longitudinal Research
11.8K
Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
11.8K
Criteria for Causality: Bradford Hill Criteria - II
171
The Bradford Hill criteria serve as guidelines for establishing causative links in epidemiological research. Beyond Strength, Consistency, Specificity, and Temporality, key criteria also include Biological Gradient, Plausibility, Coherence, Experiment, and Analogy. These principles assist scientists in assessing the likelihood of causation in complex biological contexts. Below is a summary of these concepts:
171


