解除联邦访问限制和护理院的COVID-19感染
John R Bowblis1, Shuang Li2, Yong-Fang Kuo3
1Department of Economics, Farmer School of Business, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA; Scripps Gerontology Center, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA.
概括
取消联邦养老院访客限制并没有显著增加COVID-19感染率. 这表明,访问禁令只应在极端情况下使用,以保护居民.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 在疫情初期,养老院面临着严重的COVID-19爆发.
- 医疗保险和医疗补助服务中心 (CMS) 实施了访问者限制,以减轻传播.
- 联邦对养老院访问的限制于2020年9月17日解除.
研究的目的:
- 评估解除联邦养老院访问限制对居民COVID-19感染率的影响.
- 提供关于访问限制作为长期护理机构公共卫生措施有效性的证据.
主要方法:
- 采用了差异差异事件研究框架.
- 在联邦限制解除前4周和联邦限制解除后8周的养老院COVID-19感染率进行比较.
- 包括4823个治疗状态的养老院和1654个控制状态的养老院,分析每周居民感染率.
主要成果:
- 养老院感染率通常遵循社区COVID-19趋势.
- 在联邦限制解除后,没有观察到养老院居民感染率的统计显著增加 (ß = 2.4;95% CI, -6.4至11.2).
- 社区调整后的感染率也没有显著变化 (ß = -5.2;95% CI, -10.9至0.5).
结论:
- 取消联邦养老院访问限制对居民COVID-19感染率的影响微不足道.
- 访问限制应保留在极端情况下,以平衡感染控制和居民福祉.
- 调查结果为政策决策提供了信息,这些决策涉及长期护理机构的非药物干预.
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