食纤维调节了对Clostridioides difficile感染敏感度的窗口
Katharine K Hewlett1, Amanda PeBenito2, Aaron L Hecht3
1Division of Protective Immunity, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Gastroenterology
|May 18, 2025
概括
饮食纤维摄入量显著影响抗生素治疗后对Clostridioides difficile感染 (CDI) 的易感性. 低纤维饮食通过改变肠道微生物群和胆酸成分来促进CDI,增加感染风险.
科学领域:
- 微生物学和免疫学
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 困难菌感染 (CDI) 流行病学正在发展,需要对感染风险因素有更深入的了解.
- 抗生素的使用破坏了肠道微生物群,增加了对机会性病原体的易感性,如C. difficile.
- 以前的观察表明,食纤维在调节C. difficile易感性方面可能发挥作用.
研究的目的:
- 调查饮食纤维调节抗生素暴露后对C. difficile感染 (CDI) 的易感性的假设.
- 检查纤维对胆酸和微生物群组成的影响,这是殖民抵抗的关键因素.
- 直接评估无纤维饮食对小鼠模型中CDI易感性的影响.
主要方法:
- 分析了低纤维饮食的人体胆汁酸和微生物群组成.
- 利用一种小鼠模型来测试纤维丰富与无纤维饮食对抗生素治疗后CDI易感性的影响.
- 在动物模型中量化了CDI易感性和胆酸和微生物群的特征性变化.
主要成果:
- 人类的低纤维饮食与便中初级结合胆酸的增加相关,包括taurocholic acid,这促进了C. difficile殖民.
- 没有纤维的饮食中的小鼠表现出长期和增加的CDI易感性,与显著的胆酸变化有关.
- 没有纤维的饮食引起了肠道微生物群的长期干扰,特别是削弱了对对抗C. difficile的殖民抵抗至关重要的共生体.
结论:
- 抗生素使用后饮食纤维摄入量减少,通过破坏肠道微生物群和胆汁酸平衡,延长了对CDI的敏感性.
- 饮食是影响CDI易感性的关键和可修改的风险因素,特别是在抗生素治疗的背景下.
- 这些发现强调了饮食干预措施在预防和管理C. difficile感染方面的重要性.
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