空气低温和高温以及心血管风险
Wenli Ni1, Ashtyn T Areal2, Katharina Lechner3
1Center for Climate, Health, and the Global Environment, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Atherosclerosis
|May 18, 2025
概括
气候变化导致的极端温度增加了脆弱人群的心血管疾病风险. 热和冷,以及温度波动,都构成重大威胁,需要进行公共卫生干预.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 心血管医学 心血管医学
- 气候科学 气候科学
背景情况:
- 全球变暖和气候变化正在导致更频繁和更强烈的极端温度.
- 极端温度影响全球人口的健康,某些亚群因个人和地区因素而面临更高的风险.
- 现有研究表明,环境温度和死亡率之间存在U或J形关系,包括心血管死亡率.
研究的目的:
- 审查温度极端和心血管疾病之间的联系.
- 探索将温度变化与心血管事件联系在一起的病理生理机制.
- 检查与心血管健康相关的气象因素,空气污染相互作用和气候变化的社会层面.
主要方法:
- 对温度和心血管结果的观察性流行病学数据的审查.
- 分析生物可信性和热和冷适应的共享机制.
- 综合有关气象方面,空气污染和社会决定因素的信息.
主要成果:
- 低和高的环境温度都会增加超出最佳范围的心血管风险.
- 与气候变化相关的温度波动对心血管健康构成挑战.
- 机制包括交感激活,血管度变化,心脏应变增加,炎症和前血栓刺激,可能导致缺血或斑块破裂.
结论:
- 易受感染的人群,特别是患有心血管风险因素或现有疾病的人群,需要保护免受非最佳温度的影响.
- 公共卫生和个人层面的策略对于减轻极端温度对心血管的不利影响至关重要.
- 未来的前景需要考虑气候变化,空气污染和心血管健康保护中的社会因素.
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