预期的空间可访问性和实际前往疫苗接种地点的旅行时间之间的差异:对COVID-19免疫接种延迟的影响
Hossein Naderi1, Ziba Abbasian2, Yuxia Huang1
1Computer Science Department, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, USA.
SSM - population health
|May 19, 2025
概括
较长的前往COVID-19疫苗接种地点的旅行时间延迟了全面和强剂注射,特别是在弱势群体中. 改善疫苗接种能力需要针对地理位置的公共卫生战略来克服这些差异.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 随着COVID-19的爆发,人们在接种疫苗方面出现了差异.
- 及时接种疫苗对于控制传染病爆发至关重要.
- 地理和社会经济因素会影响医疗保健的获取.
研究的目的:
- 调查旅行时间差异对COVID-19疫苗接种及时性的影响.
- 分析人口因素和社会脆弱性如何影响疫苗接种延迟.
- 为了确定德克萨斯州努埃塞斯县疫苗接种方面的差异.
主要方法:
- 使用了考克斯的比例危险模型和生存分析.
- 分析了德克萨斯州努埃塞斯县超过171,000名成年人接种疫苗的数据.
- 纳入人口特征和社会脆弱性指数 (SVI).
主要成果:
- 增加到接种中心的旅行时间显著减少了及时的全面和强剂疫苗接种 (HR=0.95和HR=0.89,分别).
- 老年人有更高的及时性,但男性和西班牙裔经历了更大的延误.
- 弱势群体面临着复杂的挑战,旅行时间差距更大.
结论:
- 地理差异和旅行时间显著影响疫苗接种的及时性.
- 需要有针对性的公共卫生干预措施来解决疫苗接种的社会经济和地理障碍.
- 在公共卫生危机期间,公平的疫苗接种是必不可少的.
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