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通过单离子和弱溶解纳米聚合物实现的超高压金属电池

Chenxi Xiao¹, Peng Wen², Feiyu Luo¹

¹Yunnan University, School of Chemical Science and Technology, CHINA.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)

|May 19, 2025

概括

研究人员开发了一种用于高能金属电池 (LMB) 的新型电解质. 这种新配方可实现高达5.0V的超高电压操作,改善电池性能和稳定性.

科学领域:

材料科学材料科学材料科学
电化学电化学电化学
储能储能储能储能储能储能

背景情况:

高能量密度对于先进的金属电池 (LMB) 是至关重要的.
传统的电解质限制了高压操作 (<4.4V) 由于降解和低转移数 (t_Li+).
现有的解决方案往往需要复杂的多溶剂或缩盐系统.

研究的目的:

开发一个稳定的,单溶剂,单盐电解质,用于超高压LMBs.
为了增强离子传输和界面稳定性.
为了使LMB能够在超过4.4V的电压下工作.

主要方法:

一种基于三2,2,2-三乙烯酸盐 (TFEP) 的新型电解质被合成和表征.
研究了电解质特性,包括转移数 (t_Li+) 和溶解结构.
使用带有高压阴极的全电池 (NCM811和LNMO) 评估了电化学性能.

主要成果:

基于TFEP的电解质达到0.78.7的高t_Li₊.
证明了高达5.0V的超高电压运行.
TFEP的分子结构促进了稳定的离子聚合物 (n-AGG),抑制了树突的形成,并允许超过1500小时的稳定循环.
在4.7V的NCM811和5.0V的LNMO实现了成功的全细胞循环.

结论:

使用TFEP的单溶剂,单盐电解质有效地解决了传统电解质对于高压LMB的局限性.
TFEP独特的溶解结构增强了热力学和运动稳定性.
这项工作为开发下一代高能量密度金属电池铺平了道路.

关键词:

金属电池 * 高压 * 酸盐电解质 * 非易燃电解质

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