微生物组通过在大脑和肠道中对基因表达的差异调节影响小鼠的代谢平衡
Wynne Milhouse1,2,3, Anna Clapp Organski4, Xun Sun1,2,3
1Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Physiological reports
|May 19, 2025
概括
肠道微生物组影响食欲调节和新陈代谢. 没有细菌的小鼠表现出改变的肠道荷尔蒙和瘦素信号,这表明微生物组.
科学领域:
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 神经内分泌学神经内分泌学
- 代谢过程中的代谢.
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物群 (GMB) 对宿主消化,新陈代谢,免疫和能量平衡至关重要.
- 大脑-肠轴涉及神经内分泌和肠内分泌系统之间的复杂相互作用,由肠道微生物群调节.
- G蛋白结合受体 (GPCR) 在调解这些相互作用方面发挥着重要作用,具有潜在的性别差异.
研究的目的:
- 研究肠道微生物如何调节神经内分泌和肠内分泌系统.
- 探索GPCRs在大脑-肠轴中关于GMB和性别差异的作用.
- 了解微生物群对食欲调节和代谢平衡的影响.
主要方法:
- 无菌 (GF) 和常规 (CON) 鼠标的比较.
- 对下丘脑神经和瘦素信号调节器基因表达的分析.
- 测量血清瘦素水平的测量.
- 评估肠道激素 (YY,胆固醇) 和肠道GPCR表达.
- 对碳水化合物和脂质代谢的基因表达分析.
主要成果:
- GF小鼠表现出hypothalamic厌氧性神经的表达增加和瘦素信号调节器的表达减少.
- 与CON男性相比,GF男性的血清瘦素水平明显低于CON男性,这表明潜在的微生物引起的瘦素耐药性.
- GF小鼠对厌食性肠道激素 (Pyy,Cck) 的表达增强,并增加了参与肠道激素分泌和营养代谢的GPCRs,特别是在雌性中.
- 碳水化合物代谢基因在CON小鼠中被上调,而脂质代谢基因在GF小鼠中主要更高.
结论:
- 肠道微生物群降低了与抑制食欲相关的基因.
- 微生物组调节参与肠道荷尔蒙分泌的GPCRs,并有助于增强瘦素耐药性,特别是在男性中.
- 这项研究强调了GMB在宿主代谢中的关键作用,并确定了代谢疾病的潜在治疗点.
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