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全球模式和淡水鱼类灭绝的驱动因素:我们能从我们的损失中吸取教训吗?

Leonidas Vardakas¹, Costas Perdikaris², Jörg Freyhof³

¹Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Attica, Greece.

Global change biology

|May 19, 2025

概括

淡水鱼面临着严重的灭绝危机,其数量是自然背景水平的100倍以上. 息地变化,污染和入侵物种等关键驱动因素迫切需要综合的保护战略,以防止进一步的生物多样性丧失.

科学领域:

保护生物学保护生物学
鱼类学鱼类学鱼类学
环境科学环境科学

背景情况:

淡水鱼占全球鱼类多样性的50%以上,但近三分之一受到灭绝的威胁.
淡水鱼类的生态和社会经济重要性是巨大的,但它们的灭绝在全球范围内被研究不足.
了解灭绝模式和驱动因素对于有效保护这些重要物种至关重要.

研究的目的:

综合评估淡水鱼类灭绝的分类学,空间和时间模式.
确定灭绝的关键驱动因素及其协同效应.
评估当前的灭绝率与自然背景率相比,并为保护策略提供信息.

主要方法:

从国际自然保护联盟 (IUCN) 红色清单中分析了89种已灭绝的和11种已在野生中灭绝的淡水鱼类.
分类学统计分析以确定受影响的家族 (例如,鱼类,鱼类,鱼类).
在全球和大陆范围内计算每百万物种年 (E/MSY) 的灭绝率;对于驾驶员协会的贝叶斯模型.

主要成果:

现代淡水鱼类的灭绝率为33.47 E/MSY,是背景速度的100倍以上 (0.33 E/MSY).
北美 (225.60 E/MSY) 和欧洲 (220.26 E/MSY) 的大陆灭绝率最高.
自然系统的修改,污染和入侵物种是主要的驱动因素,往往以协同作用,自20世纪中叶以来趋势加速.

结论:

尽管有保护工作,淡水鱼类的灭绝速度正在加快,这凸显了对综合战略的迫切需要.
北美和亚洲与物种丧失有很强的关联,而欧洲的关联程度较为温和.
如果不立即采取全面行动,许多处于危险的淡水鱼类物种可能会面临灭绝.

关键词:

国际自然保护联盟 (IUCN) 表示.生物多样性生物多样性保护保护保护灭绝的速度灭绝的速度淡水鱼类淡水鱼类

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