是预先拖延还是积极拖延? 基于主导地位/威望的社会地位战略和建设水平决定了
Kaiyun Li1, Mingxue Wang1, Keke Fu1
1University of Jinan, Jinan, China.
Psychological reports
|May 19, 2025
概括
社会地位影响任务完成策略. 主导策略通过低级别的构建导致预先延迟 (早期开始),而声望策略通过高级别的构建导致积极的延迟 (提前计划,迟迟开始).
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 个人表现出各种各样的任务完成行为,大致分为前期推迟 (早期开始) 和主动拖延 (晚期开始).
- 获得社会地位的策略,特别是支配和声望的方向,可能会影响这些独特的拖延风格.
研究的目的:
- 调查基于优势与声望的社会地位策略对预先拖延和积极拖延之间的选择的影响.
- 检查构造水平 (认知风格) 在社会地位策略和拖延行为之间的关系中扮演的调解角色.
主要方法:
- 进行了三项研究,采用特征级评估和州级原始化操纵.
- 第1项研究评估了特征和主导/威望策略以及它们与拖延行为之间的关系.
- 研究2通过实验操纵构造水平 (低/高) 并检查其对拖延选择的影响,而研究3使用调解分析.
主要成果:
- 导向主导的策略 (特征和原始化) 与前期拖延有关,而导向声望的策略与积极拖延有关.
- 主导优势策略引发了较低的构造水平,促进了预先推迟,而引发声望策略引发了较高的构造水平,促进了积极的推迟.
- 结构层面部分调解了主导/威望策略对拖延行为的影响.
结论:
- 通过主导来追求社会地位的个人倾向于使用低级别的构造,从而导致前化.
- 通过声望追求社会地位的个人倾向于使用高层次的构造,导致积极的拖延.
- 认知构造水平是将社会地位策略与任务完成行为联系起来的关键机制.
相关概念视频
02:45Self-Discrepancy Theory
18.3K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
18.3K
02:05Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping
38.7K
People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
38.7K
00:52Social Proof
27.3K
Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.
27.3K
01:52Persuasion Strategies
38.2K
Researchers have tested many persuasion strategies, including the foot-in-the door and the door-in-the-face techniques, in a variety of contexts. Ultimately, the principles are effective in selling products and changing people’s attitude, ideas, and behaviors (Cialdini & Goldstein, 2004).
38.2K
02:09Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies
37.3K
When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...
37.3K
01:37Social Loafing
34.5K
Another way in which a group presence can affect performance is social loafing—the exertion of less effort by a person working together with a group. Social loafing occurs when our individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group. Thus, group performance declines on easy tasks (Karau & Williams, 1993). Essentially individual group members loaf and let other group members pick up the slack. Because each individual’s efforts cannot be evaluated,...
34.5K