针对自动驾驶汽车的目标追踪控制方法基于超级触点视线指导和测距误差补偿
Xiaosong Liu1, Huanhai Zhu1, Zebiao Shan1,2
1School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, Jilin, China.
PloS one
|May 19, 2025
概括
这项研究引入了一种新的自动驾驶车辆控制方法,仅使用车轮测距来精确追踪目标. 该系统在复杂环境中将位置跟踪错误显著减少45.39%,提高了车辆导航安全.
科学领域:
- 机器人和控制系统 机器人和控制系统
- 自动驾驶车辆导航自动驾驶车辆导航
- 传感器融合和数据处理
背景情况:
- 自动驾驶汽车的车载传感器容易因现实世界的干扰而产生错误,这会影响目标追踪的准确性.
- 像图像处理和基站定位这样的现有方法在复杂的动态环境中存在局限性.
- 测距机制的累积错误会降低定位精度.
研究的目的:
- 为自动驾驶汽车开发一个强大而准确的目标追踪控制方法.
- 为了提高动态响应能力并减少仅使用轮距计的跟踪错误.
- 在具有挑战性的场景中解决传统基于传感器的方法的局限性.
主要方法:
- 一种仅依赖于车轮计程的目标追踪控制方法.
- 整合一个扩展状态观察员,以补偿计时积累错误.
- 使用分区切换机制实施超标触角视线指导策略.
- 引导策略与耐噪声主动干扰排斥控制器的结合.
主要成果:
- 与ET-Fuzzy-MPC相比,在复杂的道路条件下,拟议的方法实现了45.39%的平均位置跟踪错误的减少.
- 在实践曲线路径测试中,车辆跟踪误差在0.192米以内保持稳定.
- 在目标跟踪精度和动态响应性能方面取得了显著的改进.
结论:
- 拟议的基于车轮测距的目标跟踪控制方法提供了卓越的准确性和稳定性.
- 扩展状态观察器有效地减轻累积错误和未知的干扰.
- 过度触角导向策略增强了动态响应,使路径跟踪更顺,更快.
相关概念视频
Errors in Global Positioning System
26
Global Positioning System (GPS) technology has revolutionized navigation and positioning, but its accuracy is often compromised by various errors. These errors, stemming from environmental, satellite, and receiver-related factors, require careful mitigation to ensure reliable performance across applications.Atmospheric ErrorsGPS signals travel through the Earth’s ionosphere and troposphere, introducing delays which affect accuracy. The ionosphere is strongly influenced by charged particles,...
26
Root-Locus Method
119
A cruise control system in a car is designed to maintain a specified speed automatically by adjusting the gas pedal. The system continuously measures the vehicle's speed and makes fine adjustments to the pedal to achieve this goal. The root locus method is particularly useful for understanding how the cruise control system's behavior changes under varying conditions, such as when the car goes uphill, downhill, or faces strong wind resistance.
This system can be represented by a block...
This system can be represented by a block...
119
Types of Global Positioning System Surveys
43
GPS surveying methods vary in application, accuracy, and data collection techniques, catering to diverse surveying and mapping needs. Static GPS, kinematic GPS, and real-time kinematic (RTK) surveying are widely used. Each technique offers distinct advantages.Static GPS involves placing one receiver at a known reference point and another at the target point. It collects exact positional data by observing multiple satellite ranges over an extended period, achieving centimeter-level accuracy for...
43
Design Example: Identifying the Locations of Monuments in the Field Using Global Positioning System Device
18
Surveyors use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to measure the precise location and elevation of points on Earth. In a recent survey, GPS receivers were used to determine the coordinates and elevations of two park monuments. The process involved careful mission planning, data collection, and correction to ensure accuracy. The survey began with mission planning to identify optimal satellite visibility and minimize Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP). A geodetic control point...
18
Controller Configurations
80
Controller configurations are crucial in a car's cruise control system because they manage speed over time to maintain a consistent pace regardless of road conditions, thereby meeting design goals. In traditional control systems, fixed-configuration design involves predetermined controller placement. System performance modifications are known as compensation.
Control-system compensation involves various configurations, most commonly series or cascade compensation, in which the controller...
Control-system compensation involves various configurations, most commonly series or cascade compensation, in which the controller...
80
Common Leveling Mistakes and Errors
58
A survey team is tasked with determining the elevation difference between points Point A and Point B, separated by uneven terrain. They use a leveling instrument and a leveling rod.Common MistakesMisreading the Rod: During a backsight reading at Point A, the instrumentman observes the rod partially obscured by tall grass. Instead of reading 1.135 m, they mistakenly record 1.735 m due to the misalignment of the crosshair with the wrong graduation. This error adds 0.600 m to all subsequent...
58


