相关实验视频

Updated: May 23, 2025

Author Spotlight: A Pseudotype Virus System for Assessing Omicron Subvariants and Neutralizing Antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 Research

Author Spotlight: A Pseudotype Virus System for Assessing Omicron Subvariants and Neutralizing Antibodies in SARS-CoV-2 Research

Published on: September 8, 2023

多次感染Omicron变种增加了Omicron特异性中和抗体的范围和效力

Lei You¹, Luning Zhang¹, Shengqun Ouyang¹

¹Shanghai Institute of Immunology and Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

|May 19, 2025

概括

多重Omicron感染增强了对新变体的抗体保护,如JN.1,但高级亚变体,如KP.3.1.1,仍然可能构成威胁. 了解抗体进化是打击COVID-19的关键.

科学领域:

免疫学免疫学免疫学
病毒学病毒学
流行病学流行病学

背景情况:

高度进化的Omicron变种继续在全球范围内引起广泛和反复的SARS-CoV-2感染.
了解交叉反应性抗体反应的动态对于预测对新兴变异的保护至关重要.

研究的目的:

在经历多次Omicron波的个体中纵向分析中和抗体.
评估顺序的Omicron感染如何影响抗体宽度,强度和针对各种SARS-CoV-2亚型的交叉反应.

主要方法:

纵向队列研究,在18个月内分析中和抗体.
在单个或双重的Omicron感染 (BA.5/BF.7和XBB) 后对抗体反应的分析.
对随后的Omicron变种的耐药性评估,包括JN.1/XDV.1和高级子变种.

主要成果:

与单个感染相比,双重BA.5/BF.7和XBB感染显著增加了抗体宽度和中和功效.
双重感染的个体对JN.1/XDV.1.表现出更强的抗药性.
在二次感染后的抗体印记有利于对原始疫苗菌株 (WT SARS-CoV-2) 的Omicron交叉反应.

结论:

多个SARS-CoV-2感染可以产生广泛的交叉反应性抗体,提供对JN.1等Omicron变种的保护.
然而,抗原性先进的亚变种 (例如,KP.3.1.1,XEC) 仍然可以逃避这种增强的免疫力.

更多相关视频

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection

Published on: June 5, 2021

A Method to Assess Fc-mediated Effector Functions Induced by Influenza Hemagglutinin Specific Antibodies

A Method to Assess Fc-mediated Effector Functions Induced by Influenza Hemagglutinin Specific Antibodies

Published on: February 23, 2018

相关概念视频

Cross-reactivity

Cross-reactivity

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...

Antibody Actions

Antibody Actions

Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...

Humoral Immune Responses

Humoral Immune Responses

Affinity and Avidity

Affinity and Avidity

Viral Recombination

Viral Recombination

Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.