灾难救援人员的弹性增强干预措施:系统审查
Xiaorong Mao1, Ying Suo2, Xiaoqing Wei2
1Department of Nursing, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China. xiaorong_mao@qq.com.
概括
这次审查确定了旨在提高灾难救援人员恢复能力的干预措施,重点关注技能,压力管理和正念. 方法质量往往低于最佳,突出了需要更好设计的研究.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 灾害管理 灾害管理
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
背景情况:
- 恢复力,适应压力的能力,对于灾难救援人员来说至关重要.
- 这个群体面临着独特的逆境,需要有针对性的支持.
- 现有的研究强调了需要有效的弹性建设战略.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查旨在提高灾难救援人员抵御能力的干预措施.
- 确定这些干预的类型,格式和报告结果.
- 评估现有弹性建设计划的方法质量.
主要方法:
- 在2024年1月31日之前,对10个电子数据库进行了全面的系统搜索.
- 手动搜索参考列表和作者搜索补充了数据库搜索.
- 包括22项研究,重点是提高灾难救援人员的弹性.
主要成果:
- 干预重点是弹性知识/技能,压力/能量管理,应对,正念和心理急救.
- 常见的方法包括心理教育和基于正念的培训,以团体格式 (面对面/在线) 进行.
- 报告的好处包括改善个人弹性,应对能力,社会支持,正念和减少倦怠,尽管研究质量通常不够优.
结论:
- 各种干预措施有望提高灾难救援人员的弹性.
- 心理教育和基于正念的培训是经常使用的方法.
- 进一步的高质量,精心设计的干预研究对于验证和优化这些方法至关重要.
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