全身振动训练对老年人骨矿物质密度的影响:系统性审查和元分析
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Danilo A Massini1,2, Tiago A F Almeida1,2, Anderson G Macedo1,2,3
1São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, SP, São Paulo, Brazil.
PeerJ
|May 20, 2025
概括
全身振动 (WBV) 训练在老年人中显著改善了股骨总矿物质密度 (BMD). 然而,WBV并没有对大腿部或腰椎骨质瘤产生显著影响,这表明有针对性的益处.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 整形外科 整形外科 整形外科
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 全身振动 (WBV) 使用垂直机械加速来潜在地提高骨矿物质密度 (BMD).
- 本系统性审查的重点是WBV培训对老年人骨髓损伤的影响,针对容易发生骨质疏松性骨折的部位.
研究的目的:
- 系统地分析全身振动训练对老年人骨矿物质密度的影响.
- 调查WBV对特定解剖部位的影响,包括大腿,全靠近大腿骨和腰椎.
主要方法:
- 随机对照试验的系统搜索,涉及55岁及以上的成年人.
- 双能X射线吸收度 (DXA) 用于在WBV训练之前和之后量化空中BMD (aBMD).
- 使用随机效应模型进行元分析,使用Hedges' g表示效应大小,并评估研究质量和偏差风险.
主要成果:
- 纳入了202名参与者的7项研究,证明了卓越的方法质量 (TESTEX = 12.6).
- 在统计学上,WBV训练对整个股骨aBMD (g = 0.28,p = 0.04) 产生了显著的小影响,异质性较低.
- 对于腿部部 (g = 0.15) 或腰椎 (g = 0.13) aBMD.没有观察到显著的影响.
结论:
- 在老年人中,WBV训练对全股骨aBMD具有统计学意义的影响.
- 有证据表明,WBV训练在这个人群中不会显著影响大腿部或腰椎骨干骨质量.
- 这些发现基于低确定性证据,强调需要进一步研究.
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