幼儿园儿童发展的早期预测因素:使用纵向队列的结构方程模型
Sarah E Turner1,2, Stephanie Goguen1,2, Brenden Dufault3
1Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Frontiers in public health
|May 20, 2025
概括
父母的压力和低社会经济地位 (SES) 对儿童发展产生负面影响. 支持家长心理健康和减少压力的干预措施,特别是对于低SES家庭,可以改善儿童早期发展结果.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 儿童早期发育对于终身健康和福祉至关重要.
- 识别影响发展的早期生活因素可以为有针对性的干预提供信息.
- 了解这些因素是指导有效计划和政策的关键.
研究的目的:
- 检查一系列早期预测因素与幼儿园儿童发育之间的关系.
- 确定从产前阶段到三岁的关键因素,影响幼儿园准备.
- 分析产前暴露,儿童健康,家庭压力和社会经济地位 (SES) 与发育脆弱性之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 从CHILD队列研究与早期发展仪器 (EDI) 评估中链接调查数据.
- 利用结构方程建模将23个预测因子分为六个潜伏因子.
- 评估EDI脆弱性,定义为一个或多个发育领域的最底层10%的儿童.
主要成果:
- 20.1%的儿童在一个或多个EDI领域表现出脆弱性.
- 1岁和3岁家庭压力增加与更高的EDI脆弱性有显著的关联.
- 较高的SES与EDI脆弱性降低有关,部分原因是3岁时的家庭压力.
- 产前暴露和儿童健康/生活方式因素与EDI脆弱性没有显著关系.
结论:
- 优先支持父母的心理健康和减压计划是必不可少的.
- 针对低SES家庭的有针对性的干预措施可以改善儿童早期发展.
- 解决家庭压力和社会经济差距是提高儿童发展成果的关键策略.
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