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Updated: May 23, 2025

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6-9岁儿童的嗅觉训练和嗅觉的元认知方面:一项初步研究

Anna Oleszkiewicz^1,2, Marta Rokosz³, Lukasz Gargula³

¹Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, Smell & Taste Clinic, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. anna.oleszkiewicz@uwr.edu.pl.

Psychological research

|May 20, 2025

概括

标准化嗅觉训练 (OT) 略有改善了幼儿的气味意识和气味的意义,特别是那些基本意识较低的儿童. 然而,OT并没有提高气味识别或口语流能力.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
发展心理学发展心理学
感官科学感官科学

背景情况:

在嗅觉能力和对环境气味的意识方面存在个体差异.
嗅觉训练 (OT) 是一种对嗅觉的康复方法,对嗅觉和认知功能产生积极影响.
在幼儿中,OT对气味意识和气味意义的影响仍未得到充分探索.

研究的目的:

实验性研究是否标准化嗅觉训练 (OT) 可以提高小孩 (6-9岁) 的嗅觉意识和气味的意义.
探索OT在提高气味识别技能和语言流性方面的潜力. 在这个年龄段.
为了确定基线气味意识是否会影响OT的有效性.

主要方法:

一个为期12周的嗅觉训练 (OT) 计划,涉及101名儿童 (6-9岁).
实验组 (n=57) 每天两次闻到四种不同的气味;安慰剂组 (n=44) 收到无气味的样品.
进行了培训前后的心理物理和问卷评估.

主要成果:

气味意义和意识得分略有增加,在实验OT组更明显.
在具有较低基线气味意识的儿童中,OT的积极影响更为明显.
嗅觉训练并没有显著改善气味识别或口语流.

结论:

标准化嗅觉训练 (OT) 可能会对儿童的嗅觉的元认知方面产生积极影响,特别是那些以前没有嗅觉经验的儿童.
OT对增强儿童气味意识和气味意义的影响需要进一步研究.
需要进行更多的研究,才能充分了解OT对儿科患者的元认知嗅觉发育的影响.

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