多巴胺神经元的调节改变了行为和事件编码在核在帕夫洛夫式调节期间accumbens
Ethan W Herring1, Kira B Lear1, Sandford Zeng1
1Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260.
概括
标志追踪行为是多巴胺依赖的,而目标追踪不是. 腹膜区域 (VTA) 中多巴胺神经元的光遗传学操纵有选择性地影响信号跟踪的获取,这表明了不同的学习途径.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为神经科学 行为神经科学
- 学习和记忆的学习和记忆
背景情况:
- 标志跟踪和目标跟踪代表了动物用来学习奖励相关线索的独特行为策略.
- 位于核中的多巴胺 (NAc) 对于信号跟踪获取至关重要,但其确切的因果作用尚不清楚.
- 之前的研究表明,NAc核心中的多巴胺释放模式差异是标志与目标跟踪的基础.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定在腹膜区域 (VTA) 的多巴胺神经元活动和标志跟踪与目标跟踪行为之间的因果关系.
- 研究VTA多巴胺在奖励学习期间调节NAc神经元活动中的作用.
- 区分底层的神经机制多巴胺依赖的信号跟踪和潜在的多巴胺独立的目标跟踪.
主要方法:
- 在Pavlovian调节过程中利用TH::Cre大鼠对VTA多巴胺神经元进行光遗传学操纵 (抑制/激发).
- 使用体内记录测量行为反应 (信号跟踪与目标跟踪) 和并发的NAc神经活动.
- 在奖励交付时给予光学刺激或抑制多巴胺神经元.
主要成果:
- 在奖励开始时抑制VTA多巴胺神经元抑制信号跟踪获取,但不是目标跟踪获取.
- 对VTA多巴胺神经元的刺激没有影响信号跟踪的获取,但其停止阻碍了进一步的学习.
- 在VTA多巴胺操纵过程中,NAc神经元活动迅速发生变化,并改变了与提示和奖励相关的活动模式.
结论:
- 信号跟踪和目标跟踪是由不同的学习过程支的,一个依赖于多巴胺,另一个不依赖.
- VTA多巴胺影响信号跟踪,可能通过其对NAc核心神经元活动的影响.
- 这些发现澄清了多巴胺在基于奖励的学习策略中的因果作用.
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