在成人注意力缺陷多动障碍和自闭症谱系障碍中,感官运动功能,视觉空间感知和视觉空间能力
Maurizio Cundari1,2,3, Susanna Vestberg4, Amelia Hansson1,4
1Department of Experimental Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
概括
患有注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 和自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的成年人表现出感觉运动和视觉空间技能的缺陷,这表明与小脑功能障碍有关. 客观测试可能有助于临床评估.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 发展障碍 发展障碍 发展障碍
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 和自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是常见的神经发育障碍.
- 小脑功能对于感觉运动控制至关重要,并与各种认知过程有关.
- 以前的研究表明,ADHD和ASD之间的认知和运动缺陷可能会重叠.
研究的目的:
- 研究成年患者诊断为ADHD和/或ASD的感觉运动功能,视觉空间感知和视觉空间能力.
- 为了比较患有ADHD (用药和不用药),ASD和ADHD/ASD组合患者与对照组的表现.
- 探索传感运动和视觉空间功能之间的关系,并确定潜在的混因素.
主要方法:
- 一个多式神经认知评估电池和运动任务被管理.
- 参与组包括没有药物治疗的ADHD (n=52),药物治疗的ADHD (n=39),ASD (n=33),ADHD和ASD组合 (n=31) 和对照组 (n=78).
- 回归分析被用来评估诸如年龄,教育,失眠,焦虑和抑郁等混因素的影响.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,所有患者组在感觉运动功能,视觉空间感知和视觉空间能力方面表现明显差.
- 在感觉运动功能和视觉空间技能之间发现了显著的关联.
- 年龄,教育水平和失眠被确定为影响某些测试表现的重要混因素,而焦虑和抑郁并非如此.
结论:
- 患有多动症和自闭症的患者在感觉运动和视觉空间领域表现出显著的缺陷,即使症状严重程度轻微.
- 这些发现支持了小脑功能障碍可能是ADHD和ASD观察到的缺陷的基础的假设.
- 该研究强调了客观神经认知和运动测试在改善这些疾病的临床评估方面的潜在实用性.
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