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Updated: May 23, 2025

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Watershed Planning within a Quantitative Scenario Analysis Framework
Published on: July 24, 2016
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保护对于在洪水控制中提供生态系统服务的重要性
M R S Teixeira1, E A T Matricardi2, J S R Pires1
1Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, São Carlos, SP, Brasil.
概括
城市扩张和环境退化增加了自然灾害的风险,即使有良好的生态系统服务. 战略城市规划对于防洪和安全至关重要.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 水文学的水文学
- 城市规划 城市规划
背景情况:
- 气候变化加剧了与环境退化和生态系统服务 (ES) 减少有关的自然灾害.
- 评估土地利用和土地覆盖 (LULC) 变化对于了解对水文意义 (HS) 和ES的影响至关重要.
- 圣卡塔里纳州 (SC) 的库巴托河流域面临着影响洪水控制的LULC转移带来的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 在Cubatão河流域30年来对LULC和HS进行比较分析.
- 评估由于环境变化而导致的生态系统服务的损失,特别是洪水控制.
- 评估城市规划在减轻自然灾害相关风险方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 使用基于矩阵的计算,整合斜率,传导性,土壤质地,LULC和地形湿度指数.
- 分析涵盖了30年的时间 (1992-2022年),以追踪土地利用和水文意义的变化.
- 量化了佛罗里亚诺波利斯南部海湾自然灾害造成的经济损失.
主要成果:
- 盆地的城市面积翻了一番 (从7.82%增加到15.53%),而自然面积减少了5.3%.
- 其余的自然区域 (>50%的领土) 显示"好"HS,覆盖约40%并提供>15 ES.
- 尽管HS状况良好,但弗洛里亚诺波利斯在2008年因气候/水文灾害造成的损失超过了4000万 BRL.
结论:
- 城市扩张对洪水控制构成重大风险,即使生态系统服务充足.
- 市政总体规划必须整合ES评估和关键防洪区域的保护.
- 战略城市规划对于确保对气候相关灾害的社会,经济和环境安全至关重要.
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