随着耐力训练,心脏尺寸发生变化. 基因型依赖性的迹象
JAMA
|July 5, 1985
概括
耐力训练显著改善了最大的氧气吸收. 然而,心脏结构的适应,如左心室质量增加,仅在久坐的人群中观察到,而不是在单胞胎双胞胎中,这表明基因型依赖的反应.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 心血管适应心血管适应
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 了解耐力训练对心脏结构的影响对于优化运动表现和心血管健康至关重要.
- 个人对培训反应的变化凸显了遗传因素的潜在影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究心脏结构对20周耐力训练计划的敏感性.
- 为了评估静止个人和单胞双胞胎之间的耐力训练心脏适应的变化.
- 探索基因型在调节耐力运动对心脏反应中的潜在作用.
主要方法:
- 20周的受控耐力训练计划给了20个久坐不动的人和10对单胞胎双胞胎.
- 测量最大氧气摄入量 (VO2max),以评估训练反应.
- 评估了心脏尺寸,包括左心室直径,壁厚,终端透气体积和质量.
主要成果:
- 在这两组中,最大的氧气吸收显著增加,而与双胞胎 (13%),相比,久坐不动的受试者 (30%) 的相对增加更大.
- 久坐不动的受试者显示左心室直径,后壁和隔膜厚度,终端透缩体积和左心室质量显著增加.
- 一卵性双胞胎在这些心脏维度上没有显著变化,他们的个人间差异在训练后增加,而对内相似性也增加了.
结论:
- 在久坐不动的个体中,耐力训练可以显著改变心脏尺寸.
- 心脏适应耐力训练的程度和可变性似乎受到遗传因素 (基因型依赖) 的影响.
- 耐力训练可能会随着时间的推移导致基因相似个体之间心脏形态的差异更大.
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