接种BCG疫苗可以重编程M-MDSCs的功能,并加剧新生儿死性肠球炎
Yingying Chen1,2,3, Hui Li3, Yongmei Zhang3
1Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Immunology
|May 21, 2025
概括
菌卡尔梅特 - 格林 (BCG) 疫苗接种通过损害免疫细胞,使得早产婴儿的死性肠球炎 (NEC) 恶化. 针对特定的信号通路恢复了免疫功能,并减少了NEC的严重程度,这表明需要量身定制的疫苗策略.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 新生儿医学 新生儿医学
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 细菌卡尔梅特-盖林 (BCG) 疫苗诱导训练免疫 (TI),但由于免疫系统不成熟,其在早产儿的安全性受到争议.
- 过早出生的婴儿面临更高的并发症风险,如死性肠球炎 (NEC),严重的肠道炎症状况.
- 骨髓衍生抑制细胞 (MDSCs) 在生命早期对免疫耐受性至关重要,特别是在管理NEC时.
研究的目的:
- 调查BCG疫苗接种对早产婴儿NEC严重性的影响.
- 在NEC的背景下,阐明BCG影响MDSC功能的潜在机制.
- 确定潜在的治疗目标,以减轻BCG诱导的NEC恶化.
主要方法:
- 该研究检查了BCG疫苗接种对新生儿单细胞MDSCs (M-MDSCs) 在NEC模型中的影响.
- 研究人员分析了BCG暴露后M-MDSCs的糖解,mTOR-HIF1α信号传递和免疫抑制功能.
- 用关键途径的药理和遗传抑制来评估它们对M-MDSC功能和NEC严重性的影响.
主要成果:
- 在早产婴儿中,BCG疫苗接种显著加剧了NEC严重程度 (p=0.0048).
- 在新生儿M-MDSC中,BCG增强了糖解和上调了mTOR-HIF1α信号,损害了它们的免疫抑制能力.
- 抑制mTOR-HIF1α信号或糖解恢复了M-MDSC功能,并减少了NEC的严重程度.
结论:
- 接种BCG疫苗可以通过破坏MDSC介导的免疫耐受性来增加早产儿的NEC风险.
- 在M-MDSC中准糖解和mTOR-HIF1α信号提供了一个潜在的策略,以减轻BCG相关的NEC恶化.
- 定制的疫苗接种策略对于早产婴儿至关重要,以平衡BCG的益处与潜在风险.
相关概念视频
Vaccinations
44.0K
Overview
44.0K
Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells
3.1K
Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
3.1K
B Cell Activation and Differentiation
14.3K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
14.3K
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
3.0K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
3.0K
Regulation of Bacterial Virulence
71
Pathogenic bacteria employ a range of regulatory mechanisms to modulate the expression of virulence genes in response to environmental and host-derived signals. These mechanisms ensure that virulence factors are expressed only under favorable conditions, thereby optimizing infection and survival strategies.Mechanisms of Virulence RegulationKey regulatory strategies include:Two-Component Systems: These consist of a membrane-bound sensor kinase and a cytoplasmic response regulator. Environmental...
71
Bacterial Meningitis II: Pathophysiology
16
Bacterial meningitis typically begins when pathogens such as Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae colonize the nasopharynx and invade the bloodstream. This process is facilitated by bacterial virulence factors, such as polysaccharide capsules, which resist phagocytosis and complement-mediated killing. Less commonly, bacteria reach the central nervous system via contiguous spread from infections like otitis media or sinusitis, through congenital or acquired dural defects, or...
16


