在COVID-19患者中长期自我报告的症状和心理物理测试经历了持续的嗅觉功能障碍:一项为期4年的随访研究
Tommaso Saccardo1, Giuseppe Roccuzzo1, Alessandro Fontana1
1Otolaryngology Section, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Frontiers in neural circuits
|May 22, 2025
概括
大多数COVID-19相关的嗅觉功能障碍 (C19OD) 在一年内消失,但一些患者在几年内经历了长时间的恢复. 年龄较小和嗅觉训练改善了持续的嗅觉丧失的结果.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 化学感官功能障碍 (CD),包括嗅觉功能障碍 (OD) 和味觉功能障碍 (TD),是COVID-19的常见早期症状.
- 这项研究侧重于四年内COVID-19相关的嗅觉功能障碍 (C19OD) 的患病率,持续时间和恢复.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查COVID-19感染后嗅觉功能障碍的长期恢复轨迹.
- 确定影响C19OD.OD患者嗅觉恢复的因素.
主要方法:
- 使用心理物理测试 (Sniffin'sticks) 和患者报告的结果措施 (sVAS,tVAS) 对83名参与者的前性评估.
- 对影响C19OD患者长期嗅觉恢复的因素的分析.
主要成果:
- 基线OD在56.6%的患者中存在,在四年内逐渐改善.
- 四年后,92.3%的患者恢复了嗅觉;其余的人仍然患有低.
- 年轻的年龄和嗅觉训练被确定为恢复的有利预后因素.
结论:
- 虽然大多数C19OD在第一年内消失,但很大一部分人经历了长期的CD,多年来缓慢,持续改善.
- 对SARS-CoV-2对嗅觉功能的影响的复杂病理生理学需要进一步的研究,以加强对C19OD的治疗策略.
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