夜间但不是白天的威胁塑造了迁徙歌鸟的停留策略
Giuseppe Bianco1, Sara Raj Pant1,2, Xiaojia Wu1
1Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
The Journal of animal ecology
|May 23, 2025
概括
欧洲红根据捕食者类型改变停留策略. 夜间捕食者的线索减少了活动和食物摄入,在迁徙期间对身体状况产生了负面影响.
科学领域:
- 鸟类学 鸟类学是一门学科.
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 动物迁徙 动物迁徙
背景情况:
- 鸟类迁徙涉及到加油的停留点,这些停留点会带来捕食者的风险.
- 一年级鸟类在不熟悉的停留地点面临挑战,平衡资源获取与避免捕食者.
研究的目的:
- 研究欧洲红 (Erithacus rubecula) 如何根据不同狩猎策略的捕食者的听觉线索在秋季停留期间调整反捕食者反应.
- 为了确定欧洲红是否对白天和夜晚的鸟类捕食者有不同的反应.
主要方法:
- 被囚禁的第一年欧洲红被暴露在欧亚鸟 (白天) 或黑色猫头 (夜间) 的呼声中.
- 研究人员监测了食物摄入量,身体状况,活动水平和夜间活动模式的变化.
主要成果:
- 红只对黑猫 (夜间捕食者) 展现出反捕食者反应.
- 暴露于黑色猫头的呼叫导致夜间活动减少,食物摄入量减少,燃料积累速度减慢,导致身体状况较差.
- 在响应欧亚 (日间掠食者) 的呼叫时,没有观察到显著的行为变化.
结论:
- 欧洲红在迁徙中表现出适应性灵活性,根据与捕食者活动时间和狩猎方式相关的感知掠食风险调整行为.
- 对夜间捕食者的反应观察到的行为变化可能会由于燃料积累减少而对迁徙速度和健康状况产生负面影响.
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