巨大的偏移负荷影响核心和长板压力峰值在训练有素的运动员中主要动力的活动
Bernat Buscà1, Jordi Arboix-Alió1,2,3, Clàudia Baraut1
1Faculty of Psychology, Education Sciences and Sport Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, 08022 Barcelona, Spain.
Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology
|May 23, 2025
概括
不对称负载板压会增加负载侧的胸部主要激活,并显著增加对侧外斜肌活动,特别是在高度不对称的条件下. 这项研究提供了关于在不均的阻力训练期间肌肉参与的见解.
科学领域:
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 了解阻力练习期间肌肉激活模式对于优化训练至关重要.
- 不对称的负载在练习中,如长椅压力可能会引起独特的神经肌肉反应.
- 之前的研究还没有完全阐明在不同程度的不对称的板压力负载下特定的肌肉参与.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较初级运动员在长椅压力过程中的急性肌肉活动与不对称负荷 (25%,50%,75%).
- 为了研究不对称负荷对大胸部,三腕,前腹骨和外部斜激活的影响.
- 在各种不对称的长椅压力条件下分析肌肉活动,杆加速和感知力的差异.
主要方法:
- 30名经过阻力训练的男性和女性在7种不同的负载条件下 (包括对称和不对称) 进行了长椅压力.
- 表面电肌图 (sEMG) 用于测量胸部大肌肉,三腕,前腹肌和外侧斜肌肉的峰值肌肉活动.
- 一个重复测量设计分析了肌肉活动,质量加速的杆中心和OMNI-Perceived Exertion Scale (OMNI-RES).
主要成果:
- 在集中和偏心阶段 (p < 0.001) 对肌肉活动观察到运动条件的显著影响.
- 在异常阶段,在高度不对称的 (50%,75%) 减负条件下,在主导侧观察到较高的胸部主要激活 (关节骨和胸骨部分).
- 反侧外斜肌在集中阶段的所有不对称条件中显示出明显高的激活 (效果大小从d = 0.89到d = 2.30).
结论:
- 不对称的负载板压会在负载侧放开对侧时增强负载侧的胸部主要激活.
- 在最不对称的负载条件下,对侧外斜肌活动可以翻一番.
- 这些发现凸显了在不对称的阻力练习中核心稳定和补偿肌肉招募的重要作用.
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