在胸部X射线中检测投影类型和左右反转的可通用AI方法
Yukino Ohta1, Yutaka Katayama2, Takao Ichida2
1Department of Clinical Radiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hiroshima International University, 555-36 Kurosegakuendai, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 739-2695, Japan. y-ohta@hirokoku-u.ac.jp.
Radiological physics and technology
|May 23, 2025
概括
这项研究开发了一个人工智能 (AI) 系统,使用深 convolutional 神经网络 (DCNN) 来自动验证胸部X射线成像方向. 人工智能系统显示出自动化验证的潜力,但需要对本地数据进行微调以获得最佳性能.
科学领域:
- 放射学和医学成像学 医学成像学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 深度学习用于医学诊断
背景情况:
- 手动验证胸部X射线图像的定向和反转是具有挑战性和耗时的.
- 确保正确的成像方向 (例如,前后,前后) 对于精确的放射学解释至关重要.
- 现有的图像验证方法缺乏自动化和效率.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估基于人工智能的系统,用于自动验证胸部X射线成像方向和与检查命令的一致性.
- 将胸部X射线图像分为四类:前后背 (AP),前后背 (PA),翻转的AP和翻转的PA.
- 评估不同培训数据集对AI系统分类准确性的影响.
主要方法:
- 开发一个深层卷积神经网络 (DCNN) 用于图像分类.
- 在多个公开可用的胸部X射线数据集上训练DCNN.
- 在内部和外部数据集上测试DCNN,以评估概括性.
- 使用Grad-CAM可视化网络的决策过程.
主要成果:
- 该DCNN准确地分类成像方向,并检测到图像反转.
- 分类准确度受到培训数据集的显著影响,在外部数据上性能下降.
- 在混合数据集上的训练提高了准确性,但在COVID-CXNet数据集 (76.0%) 上测试时仍然显示下降.
- 可视化突出显示了关键区域,如心脏轮和影响分类的手臂位置.
结论:
- 人工智能,特别是DCNN,在胸部X射线中自动验证成像方向和定位方面具有重大潜力.
- 人工智能模型的性能高度依赖于培训数据的特征.
- 微调AI模型以局部数据特征为基础,对于在临床环境中实现最佳和可靠的性能至关重要.
相关概念视频
01:30Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT
434
Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
434
01:20Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System III: X-Ray
303
The most common cardiovascular diagnostic test is an X-ray. It produces images of the heart, blood vessels, and adjacent structures.
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
Definition and Purpose
An X-ray, or radiograph, is a non-invasive method that uses ionizing radiation to take images of internal structures. It is mainly used in cardiac imaging to examine the heart, lungs, and major blood vessels, aiming to identify abnormalities in the heart's size, shape, and position, such as heart failure, congenital defects, and vascular...
303
01:24X-ray Imaging
7.8K
German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
7.8K