在多语言儿童中诊断语音和声音障碍的方法
Karla N Washington1,2,3, Kathryn Crowe1,4,5, Sharynne McLeod5
1Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Language, speech, and hearing services in schools
|May 23, 2025
概括
在多语言儿童中诊断语音音障碍 (SSD) 是具有挑战性的. 本研究概述了多语言语音获取,基于证据的诊断资源,以及用于准确识别的文化响应实践.
科学领域:
- 语音语言病理学 语言病理学
- 发展语言学是发展语言学.
- 跨文化沟通跨文化沟通
背景情况:
- 由于临床资源有限,对多语言儿童的语音声音障碍 (SSD) 的准确识别对语音语言病理学家 (SLP) 提出了重大挑战.
- 现有的诊断工具和方法往往有利于单语言使用者,造成了对不同语言背景的有效评估的差距.
研究的目的:
- 描述多语言语音获取的特征.
- 确定基于证据的资源,用于在未经研究的语言群体中对SSD的差异诊断.
- 在各种语言背景下展示文化响应实践的实施.
主要方法:
- 这项研究考察了2至8岁多语言儿童的诊断方法.
- 方法包括分析成人语音模型,进行验证研究和完善基于证据的技术.
- 这些方法在全球不同环境 (牙买加,澳大利亚,比利时,冰岛) 的四个不同的语言范式中应用.
主要成果:
- 主要发现包括识别与SSD诊断相关的方言特定特征.
- 对评估功能性语音可理解性和多语言儿童的表达精度的工具的验证是成功的.
- 在不同语言背景下,各种诊断技术的实用性得到了证明.
结论:
- 文化响应的方法为SLP与多语言儿童的诊断实践提供了有价值的框架.
- 这些实践的有效应用需要适应当地语言,文化和地理背景.
- 这项研究支持在不同人群中更公平,更准确地诊断SSD.
相关概念视频
01:22Language Development
466
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
466
01:27Language and Cognition
469
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
469