2024年关于国家政策,计划和消除乙型肝炎的进展的全球报告:33个肝炎消除概况的调查结果
Lindsey Hiebert-Suwondo1, Jana Manning1, Rania A Tohme2
1Coalition for Global Hepatitis Elimination, Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, USA.
The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology
|May 23, 2025
概括
大多数国家都在朝着消除乙型肝炎的方向前进,许多国家实现了儿童疫苗接种目标. 然而,获得检测和治疗仍然是一个重大障碍,特别是在低收入国家.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 全球卫生政策 全球卫生政策
背景情况:
- 消除病毒性肝炎是全球卫生优先事项.
- 全球消除肝炎联盟制定了国家消除肝炎概况,以跟踪进展.
- 这些概况评估了针对病毒性肝炎消除的国家数据,政策和方案的制定.
研究的目的:
- 评估全球乙型肝炎消除工作的情况.
- 确定在实现世界卫生组织 (WHO) 2025年目标方面取得的进展和挑战.
- 为消除乙型肝炎的国家规划和资源动员提供指导.
主要方法:
- 分析33个国家和地区的国家肝炎消除概况.
- 评估与世卫组织儿童HBsAg患病率的临时目标相比的进展情况.
- 评估B型肝炎的普遍出生剂量疫苗接种政策.
- 对获得乙型肝炎检测和治疗服务的审查.
主要成果:
- 73%的分析国家实现了2025年世卫组织在儿童中HBsAg流行率 (<0.5%) 的临时目标.
- 67%的人拥有普遍的乙型肝炎出生剂量疫苗接种政策.
- 获得检测和治疗的机会不足以达到最佳水平,特别是在低收入和中等收入国家.
- 只有一个高收入国家实现了世卫组织2025年诊断覆盖率60%的目标.
- 没有一个国家达到世卫组织2025年治疗目标 (≥50%的乙型肝炎患者接受治疗).
结论:
- 在控制乙型肝炎方面取得了重大进展,特别是在儿童疫苗接种方面.
- 在实现广泛的测试和治疗准入方面,仍然存在重大挑战.
- 有针对性的干预和资源动员对于加速全球消除乙型肝炎至关重要.
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